(also Orizaba), a volcano in Mexico in the Transverse Volcanic Axis on the southeastern edge of the Meseta Central. Elevation, 5,700 m. Citlaltépetl is the highest peak in the country. It erupted in 1545, 1566, 1630, and 1687. Its slopes have forests up to 4,000 m and alpine meadows above that; there is permanent snow above 4,500 m.