Isepp asked his baritone to experiment starting final
consonant clusters in two or three places.
The following chart (Figure 22) shows the attested distribution of each consonant phoneme within free word stems in the following positions: word-initial simple onset, complex onset with /w/, complex onset with /j/, intervocalic, [C.sub.1] in a
consonant cluster with an oral consonant, [C.sub.1] in a
consonant cluster with a nasal consonant, [C.sub.2] in a
consonant cluster with an oral consonant, [C.sub.2] in a
consonant cluster with a nasal consonant, and word-final simple coda.
Emmerick prepared a chart showing the historical derivations of the resulting
consonant clusters. Of interest to us are those Old Khotanese forms of this origin that show orthographic -tt-.
The duration of the last syllable vowel is the shortest in the word purronikadoks (V5 = 60 ms), which is probably due to the following voiceless
consonant cluster. In other word types the average V5 duration remained between 81 and 132 ms.
Some medial
consonant clusters such as zr and `~t~ are not found word initially whereas other clusters in the above given examples above are well-formed clusters word initially.
The examples listed above indicate that Kiswahili does accept
consonant clusters. On the
consonant cluster tolerance, Batibo (1995:39) notes that the language has become unique among Bantu languages due to its insensitivity to
consonant clusters.
Following the principles of the visual-dictation training, six words (three words with a complex
consonant cluster and three words with an ambiguous sound-spelling relation) were practiced twice in each session.
Longer items may also contain
consonant clusters (e.g.
In particular, both /sl/ and /st/, the initial
consonant clusters of Pope's participles, are analysed by Wallis: sl as discussed above, st as a combination that `intimates Strength or Force, but in a lesser degree [i.e.
Likewise,
consonant clusters are banned word-initially or medially.
Consonant clusters are often the most intimidating part, but there are vowels hidden in them that become clear in the study of any Czech text, and it is important for all to learn to take advantage of voiced consonants by singing through them.