BBD cycle pattern is established when children who hold their bladders by choice for longer periods exhibit reduced sensation to evacuate, ultimately resulting in constipation and/or
encopresis. (1)
A sympathetic approach to
encopresis is vital as scolding and criticising a child often makes the problems worse.
Patients were excluded from the study if any urinary symptoms or bowel elimination difficulties (e.g.,
encopresis constipation) were noted in their medical history.
This form of violence can contribute towards serious psychological developmental problems such as disturbances in humor, anxiety, and eating as well as disruption, enuresis,
encopresis, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); the last two are the most common (Briere & Elliott, 2003; Holt, Buckley & Whelan, 2008; Maniglio, 2009).
While it seems contradictory at first glance, fecal soiling (
encopresis) is more commonly a sign that a child is constipated.
Parents of children with CP were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children: Present and Lifetime Version (6-18) 10.04.00 (Kiddie-SADS), a semistructured child psychiatric diagnostic interview designed to unveil psychiatric symptoms within the following groups of disorders: affective, anxiety, psychotic, eating, attention/hyperactivity, oppositional defiant, conduct, tics, substance abuse, and posttraumatic stress disorders, as well as
encopresis and enuresis.
We--a pediatric surgeon who directs a major colorectal center at a children's hospital that deals with fecal incontinence, a pediatric gastroenterologist, the psychologist developer of a home and manual based suppository and enema conditioning protocol for
encopresis, and a primary care nurse practitioner--found ourselves disturbed by Deborah Coehlo's (2011) article on
encopresis in your May-June 2011 issue of Pediatric Nursing ("
Encopresis: A Medical and Family Approach," vol.
Nick had a very long history of
encopresis, which had resisted all attempts to resolve it, including those instituted by various therapists.
Respecto a la
encopresis, los codigos se refieren a si hay un fracaso en el control esfinteriano o si las deposiciones ocurren en lugares inadecuados.
ej., enuresis,
encopresis, berrinches y lloriqueos).
Sexual abuse has a serious impact on child development, with children exhibiting a wide variety of symptoms including fear, nightmares, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), withdrawal, cruelty, delinquency, sexually inappropriate behaviour, enuresis,
encopresis, running away and self-harming behaviours.