guanine

[′gwän‚ēn]

(biochemistry)

C₅H₅ON₅ A purine base; occurs naturally as a fundamental component of nucleic acids.

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Guanine

2-amino-6-oxypurine. a purine base, widely distributed in animal and plant cells (it is a constituent of nucleic acids and is present in a free state).

It is the main component of the excrements of spiders and birds and was discovered in guano (hence the name). A considerable amount of guanine is present in the scales and skin of fish, reptiles, and amphibians. The calcium compound of guanine gives fish scales their characteristic shine. In mammal organisms, guanine is transformed into xanthine under the action of the enzyme guanase.

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References in periodicals archive

Sugiyama, "Possible cause of G-C [right arrow] C-G transversion mutation by guanine oxidation product, imidazolone," Chemistry & Biology, vol.

Effects of stability of base pairs containing an oxazolone on DNA elongation

Nagamine, "Role of the amino terminal RHAU-specific motif in the recognition and resolution of guanine quadruplex-RNA by the DEAH-box RNAhelicase RHAU," Nucleic Acids Research, vol.

On Characterizing the Interactions between Proteins and Guanine Quadruplex Structures of Nucleic Acids

For 3'-GMP gel, the helical structure is formed by successive stacking of planar hydrogen-bonded guanine tetramers now known as the G-quartets on top of each other.

On the Helical Structure of Guanosine 5'-Monophosphate Formed at pH 5: Is It Left- or Right-Handed?

Kitade, "Cover Picture: Reduction-Responsive Guanine Incorporated into G-Quadruplex-Forming DNA (ChemBioChem 14/2016)," ChemBioChem, vol.

In What Ways Do Synthetic Nucleotides and Natural Base Lesions Alter the Structural Stability of G-Quadruplex Nucleic Acids?

The most frequently observed nucleotide substitutions were a novel variant showing a nucleotide transversion from cytosine (C) to adenine (A) at the position 16173, a nucleotide transition from adenine (A) to guanine (G) at the position of 16175, and a nucleotide substitution from cytosine (C) to guanine (G) at the position of 16176 with the frequencies or 53%, 60%, and 82%, respectively.

Identification of a Novel Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation within the Human Mitochondrial DNA Control Region in a Population of Aegean Population

Table 1 Lattice parameters for Flabellina iodinea crystals and known polymorphs of guanine Purified from Purified from Source F.

Erratum

In place of guanine, RNA could have relied on a surrogate -- inosine.

Life Has a New Ingredient

Paradoxically, the guanine squares don't reflect light on their own - they're transparent.

The Scallop sees with space-age eyes- hundreds of them

Due to increased stability of its enol form, it is possible that 5-bromo uracil may pair with guanine instead of with adenine.

Solid-Supported Synthesis of N-alkylated Derivatives of 5-bromo pyrimidine-2, 4-dione and Study of their Cytotoxic Effect

Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) mutations in the Asian population.

Genetic Background of a Juvenile Onset Gout Patient

VAL-083 (dianhydrogalactitol) is a first-in-class, DNA-targeting agent that introduces interstrand DNA cross-links at the N7-position of guanine leading to DNA double-strand breaks and cancer cell death.

Patient Enrollment Underway in Phase 2 Trial for Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme