heterozygote

[¦hed·ə·rō′zī‚gōt]

(genetics)

An individual that has different alleles at one or more loci and therefore produces gametes of two or more different kinds with respect to their loci.

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Heterozygote

a cell or organism having in its hereditary set (genotype) different forms (alleles) of a given gene.

A heterozygote is the result of the union of gametes of different genetic composition, each of which brings its own alleles to the zygote. For example, homozygous types AA and aa form gametes A and a respectively. The heterozygote obtained by the hybridization of AA and aa always forms mixed gametes (A and a). Crossing this type with itself or with the recessive parental type aa produces offspring of two types—phenotypic A and phenotypic a. The splitting of the heterozygote proceeds according to Mendel’s law. The preservation of the heterozygote is of significance in agriculture, since splitting often leads to the loss of valuable qualities. Almost all fruit trees are heterozygous; in order to avert splitting and the loss of valuable traits, they are bred by vegetative reproduction, apomixis, gynogenesis, or parthenogenesis.

IU. S. DEMIN

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References in periodicals archive

Positive MTHFR C677C heterozygote gene mutation was identified in addition to the positive anticardiolipin antibody and to the positive lupus anticoagulant in our case.

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Variations in meat quality in live halothane heterozygotes identified by biopsy samples of M.

Skeletal ryanodine receptor 1-heterozygous PSE (pale, soft and exudative) meat contains a higher concentration of myoglobin than genetically normal PSE meat in pigs

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No significant differences were observed between homozygotes and heterozygotes for the different loci.

Are bioenergetic properties linked with shell fluctuating asymmetry and heterozygosity in Iceland scallop, Chlamys islandica?

On the other hand, multiple markers showing the expected 1 heterozygote to 1 homozygote pattern of segregation suggests that the inheritance of wheat SSR loci were not preferentially retained or lost.

Marker-assessed retention of wheat chromatin in wheat (Triticum aestivum) by jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) backcross derivatives

Heterozygosity levels at the ten RFLP loci were similar in both populations and neither showed any tendency towards deficits of heterozygotes (see Table 1).

DNA heterozygosity and growth rate in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (L)

(ii) Heterozygote advantages have to do with reproductive fitness.

Annett's theory that individuals heterozygous for the right shift gene are intellectually advantaged: theoretical and empirical problems

The most common mutation was H63D, which was found in 85.3% (29/34) ofthe patients, most of them heterozygotes. The C282Y mutation was identified only in 4 (11.8%) patients.

Presence of hemochromatosis-associated mutations in Hispanic patients with iron overload

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Answers to 2008 FOCUS continuing education questions

Initial hemoglobin phenotyping of the patient at 14 months of age, both by electrophoresis (cellulose acetate, polyacrylamide, acid agar) and isoelectrofocusing, showed him to be an apparent heterozygote Hb A/S, but he had recently received a blood transfusion.

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Plasma OPZ area under curve (AUC) after a single oral dose of 20 mg OPZ was 421 ng.h/ml in normal homozygotes, 1403 ng.h/ml in heterozygotes and 5109 ng.h/ml in healthy Japanese mutant homozygotes.

Importance of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in north Indians

Heterosis and heterozygote deficiencies in marine bivalves: more light?

Characterization of ten microsatellite loci in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis