The Bull eye technique is performed in malrotated or
Horseshoe kidneys; in rest, we perform triangulation technique.
The search terms included: "
horseshoe kidney", "kidney fusion", "kidney vascular" and "surgery".
In our series, 41 (35.3%) patients presented with crossing vessel, 17 (14.6%) with kidney stone, 5 (4.3%) with solitary kidney and 3 (2.5%) presented with
horseshoe kidney anomaly.
During organ harvesting a
horseshoe kidney, ectopically located in the lower abdomen, was discovered.
We herein report a case of small renal cell carcinoma arisen in a
horseshoe kidney successfully resected by laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using preoperative three-dimensional (3D) imaging.
Smith et al., "Abdominal aortic aneurysm in the presence of a
horseshoe kidney," The Archives of Surgery, vol.
Abdominal and renal ultrasound showed a
horseshoe kidney and a small splenic cyst (5 x 4 mm).
Nesmith, "Wilms tumor in
horseshoe kidneys: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study," The Journal of Urology, vol.
Y-shaped type (vesica fellea duplex) duplication of gallbladder with
horseshoe kidneySquamous cell carcinoma in the renal pelvis of a
horseshoe kidney. Int J Urol 2004; 11: 782-4.