Severe ascites may be accompanied by
hydrothorax, particularly on the right side, due to the transfer of the abdominal fluid to the chest through the thoracic duct.
To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of refractory hepatic
hydrothorax in the literature as a complication of Systemic Sclerosis and NRH.
Braun, "Bilateral
hydrothorax related with hydromediastinum after accidental dislocation of a central venous catheter," Der Anaesthesist, vol.
Postoperative course was significant for ascites and
hydrothorax requiring prolonged weaning and tracheostomy.
Severe OHSS was defined as massive ascites,
hydrothorax, breathing difficulties, hematocrit >45%, leukocytes >15.000, creatinine clearance <50 mL/min, oliguria, and liver dysfunction.
Primary indications for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt formation Indication Number of patients (%) Variceal hemorrhage 95 (45) Refractory ascites 77 (36) PV/SMV thrombosis 17 (8) Budd-Chiari syndrome 12 (6) Hepatic
hydrothorax 6 (3) Not recorded 4 (2) PV, portal vein; SMV, superior mesenteric vein.
The following article will discuss and review the risk of the complications of chest tubes compared with thoracentesis in cirrhotic patients with hepatic
hydrothorax.
ARD event IDC-8 IDC-9 IDC-10 Pleural mesothelioma -- -- C450 Peritoneal mesothelioma -- -- C451 Unspecified mesothelioma -- -- C459 Malign pleural Neoplasm 1630 163 C384 Asbestosis 5152 501 J61 Pleural plaques -- -- J920 Unspecified pleural disease 5110 5110 J948 Unspecified fibrothorax 5110 5110 J941
Hydrothorax 5112 5118 J90 Rounded atelectasis unspecified 5190 5180 J981 Pneumoconiosis 5159 505 J64 Chronic restricted aerial flow -- -- -- Note.
Thoracentesis was performed and pleural fluid analysis revealed a transudative fluid consistent with hepatic
hydrothorax. Pleural fluid microbiology was negative for infection and cytology studies were negative for malignancy.
Cass, "Fibroma of the ovary with ascites and
hydrothorax," American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol.
Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated left
hydrothorax with contrast material, small left pneumothorax, and postoperative alterations at the area of the left kidney.