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Hypocotyl

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hypocotyl

[′hī·pə‚käd·əl]
(botany)
The portion of the embryonic plant axis below the cotyledon.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Hypocotyl

 

in sprouting plants, the section of the stem extending from the root collar (the zone between the main stem and the root) to the place of attachment of the cotyledons. In the embryo, the hopocotyl is the rudimentary stem. The sprouts of some plants have an elongate hypocotyl that bears assimilative cotyledons. This type of aboveground germination characterizes hornbeam. In other plants the hypocotyl is underdeveloped, and the cotyledons do not appear on the surface. Such underground germination is typical of the pea and the oak.

The anatomical structure of the hypocotyl retains its embryonic character. It may give rise to adventitious shoots, roots, or leaves (when the apex of the epicotyl is removed, as in cyclamen). In some plants the hypocotyl becomes the repository of nutrients (for example, the tuber in cyclamen). In many root crops, including the turnip, carrot, and sugar beet, the hypocotyl consists of the fleshy part of the storage organ, which is found between the stem base and the root proper.

L. V. KUDRIASHOV

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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References in periodicals archive
In addition, the observed decrease in the hypocotyl and root length could be due to the negative effect of salt on the changes in enzyme activity (that subsequently affects protein synthesis), and also the decrease in the carbohydrate levels and growth hormones, both of which can lead to inhibition of the plant elongation (QADOS et al., 2011).
Texture profile analysis demonstrated that the hardness of the sogurts significantly decreased, while adhesiveness significantly increased, as hypocotyl length increased.
The root-stem transition region begins approximately in the collet and this condition persists for about the whole hypocotyl. In this portion, a pith begins to appear, and the primary xylem is spread into a continuous tangential ring and primary phloem strands surrounding the pith (Figure 2B).
Hypocotyl and epicotyl explants (2 cm in length) were transferred to WPM supplemented with 6-benzyladenine (BA) (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 [micro]M) alone or combined with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or [alpha]-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.5 [micro]M).
On the other hand, aerial part extract caused the highest percentages of growth inhibition in rootlets, when compared with hypocotyls. Similarly, root and seed extracts reached the higher percentage of inhibition on rootlets growth.
Yang, "cDNA-AFLP analysis of dormancy-related genes in seed hypocotyl of Paeonia lactiflora," Biotechnology Bulletin, vol.
Statistical studies on anatomical modifications in the radicle and hypocotyl of cotton induced by NaCl.
Lecture-demonstrations will cover Basic Care of Cactus and Succulents for Beginners and Grafting, Advance Bonsai Styling and Penjing, Basic Bonsai, Advance Bonsai, Penjing, Suiseki and Bonsai Accents, Care of Succulents in the Tropics and Hypocotyl Grafting, Suiseki Basics, Stapeliads and Other Succulents, Cactus Uses and Benefits, All about Lithops and Mesems and Growing Cacti from Seeds, The Art of Tray Landscaping of Succulents and Cacti, and Succulents Mutation through Gamma Irradiation.
On day 10, the length of hypocotyl, radicle and the biomass of each seedling were measured by selecting five seedlings randomly from each petri dish [42].
To characterize aggressiveness criteria: percentage infection, latent period, sporulation density and reduction of hypocotyl length for 50 P.
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