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Karyogram

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The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Karyogram

 

the graphic representation of a karyotype, used in the quantitative characterization of each chromosome.

One type of karyogram is an idiogram, a rough sketch of the chromosomes arranged in rows according to length. Another type is a graph for which the coordinates are (1) lengths of the given chromosome (or a part thereof) or of the entire karyotype(for example, the relative length of the chromosomes) and (2) the so-called centromere index, that is, the ratio of the length of the short arm to that of the entire chromosome. The arrangement of each point on the karyogram reflects the distribution of the chromosomes in the karyotype. The main purpose of karyogramanalys is to detect heterogeneity in externally similar chromosomes of a given group.

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
References in periodicals archive
Sea urchins have small chromosomes (1-6 [micro]mol [1.sup.-1]) that are highly similar, and conventional cytogenetic techniques have yielded preliminary karyograms for only three unrelated species: Arbacia punctulata (2n = 44--Auclair, 1965); Pseudocentrotus depressus, a strongylocentrotid urchin related to both species used in the current study (Lee, 2003; 2n = 42--Yamanaka et al., 1989); and Paracentrotus lividus (2n = 36--Lipani et al., 1996).
Methods for karyotyping and for localization of developmentaly relevant genes on the chromosomes of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
This software was also used for measuring long arm (L), short arm (S) and whole chromosome lengths, and constructing karyograms based on arm length ratios (Levan et al., 1964).
Caracterizacion cariotipica y regiones organizadores del nucleolo de cprinodon dearborni (MEEK, 1909) de Venezuela
Karyograms were organized using Adobe Photoshop 7.0 image editing software.
Studies on the karyotype of the ant Pachycondyla harpax (Formicidae: Ponerinae: Ponerini) in Southern Bahia, Brazil
Figure 3A and B shows 2 examples of hypodiploid metaphase spread and their karyograms. The chromosomes of these 2 metaphases were preliminarily divided into 2 groups by pairing.
Karyological studies of the hybrid larvae of haliotis disversicolor supertexta female and haliotis discus discus male
The karyograms were prepared by separating and sorting the chromosomes according to their bandings.
Bone marrow and karyotype findings of patients with pancytopenia in Southern Iran
This software was also used for measuring long (L) and short (S) arms, as well as whole chromosome lengths, and for constructing karyograms based on arm length ratios (Levan et al., 1964).
Cariotipo y regiones nucleolares organizadoras (nor) en Pygocentrus cariba (serrasalminae) de Caicara del Orinoco, Venezuela
The karyograms of some species of Plantago obtained from different geographical regions revealed uniform features [ILLUSTRATION FOR FIGURES 1, 2 OMITTED].
DNA content, chromosome composition and isozyme patterns in Plantago L
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