The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Khibiny

the largest and highest (to 1,191 m) mountain massif on the Kola Peninsula. The mountain massif is an intrusive block of nepheline syenites in which rich deposits of apatite-nepheline ore are confined (Kukisvumchorr, Iukspor, Rasvumchorr, and others). The summits are plateau-like, and the slopes are steep with numerous glaciers and névés. Avalanches are frequent. Mountain tundras predominate, with forest tundras of dwarf birch and with spruce and pine-birch forests on the lower slopes. The world’s only polar-alpine botanical garden is located on Mount Vud”evrchorr.

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References in periodicals archive

Number of Location minerals * 1 Poudrette Quarry, Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada 78 2 Kukisvumchorr Mt" Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, 45 Russia 3 Jachymov, Karlovy Vary Region, Bohemia, Czech 38 Republic 4 Clara Mine, Wolfach, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany 37 5 Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Namibia 29 6 Vuoriyarvi Massif, Northern Karelia, Russia 25 7 Sounion Mine No.

Digging carbon: a new challenge has scientists searching for dozens of unknown, beguiling crystals

Mosandrite has a Mohs hardness of 5, and for several years small quantities of facetable material have been produced only from the Kirovsky apatite mine, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.

Gem Mosandrite from Russia

The famous Khibiny massif on the Kola Peninsula is the world's largest alkaline complex, covering an area of 1327 [km.sup.2].

The pegmatitic-hydrothermal complex of the Kukisvumchorr deposit stands out by its singularity even against a background of the Khibiny massif, an object unique in its mineralogy.

It has been namedpodlesnoite (Cyrillic: [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]) (pronounced "pod-lez'-no-ite") in honor of Aleksandr Semenovich Podlesnyi (born 1948), Russian amateur mineralogist and prominent mineral collector, in recognition of his significant contributions to the mineralogy of the Khibiny massif. A.

Podlesnoite Ba[Ca.sub.2](C[O.sub.3])[.sub.2][F.sub.2]: a new mineral species from the Kirovskii mine Khibiny, Kola Peninsula, Russia

Accidentally, the expedition's geochemist discovered prized minerals in the Khibiny Massif, located on the eastern shore of Lake Imandra.

Running with Reindeer: Encounters in Russian Lapland

Individual crystals of this astounding size were previously unknown, even for fenaksite, NaKFe[Si.sub.4][O.sub.10], the isostructrural Fe-dominant analog of manaksite which constitutes a rock-forming mineral in several rischorritic pegmatites in the Khibiny massif. The sharp crystals of manaksite from the Palitra pegmatite are bounded by faces {001}, {011}, {010}, {032}, {401}, {201} and {233}.

The Palitra pegmatite: a newly discovered hyperalkaline pegmatite in the Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia

Locality: Yukspor Mt., Khibiny massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.

Clinobarylite, Ba[Be.sub.2][Si.sub.2][O.sub.7], a new mineral from Khibiny massif, Kola Peninsula.

Locality: Kirovsky mine, Kukisvumchorr Mt., Khibiny massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.

Abstracts of new mineral descriptions

With an area of about 650 square kilometers, the massif is mineralogically somewhat different from the nearby and larger Khibiny massif; the latter contains economic deposits of fluorapatite, whereas Lovozero contains the loparite ore deposit, with its immense reserves of tantalum and niobium.

Lovozero Massif: History, Pegmatites, Minerals. (Book Reviews)

Laplandia Minerals had been busy during August of 1997 collecting on the Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.

Bologna Show 2000