NSFNET

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NSFnet

(National Science Foundation NETwork) The network funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation, which linked five supercomputer sites across the country in the mid-1980s. Universities were also allowed to connect. In 1988, NSFnet was upgraded from its original 56 Kbps lines to T1 circuits. By the early 1990s, it was using a T3 line that served as the primary Internet backbone until 1995, when the Net became commercialized. See ARPAnet and Internet.

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structure, which continued to be used for many years after NSFNet was

Encryption.Congress mod (Apple + CALEA)

It could be seen that different converters placements are obtained for K=3 and K=5 (in the case of NSFNet) and for K=4 and K=10 (in the case of EON), compared to Scenario II.

Wavelength Converters Placement in Optical Networks Using Bee Colony Optimization

Entre 1989 y 1994 America Latina ya estaba conectada por TCP/IP (Internet) con NSFNET (National Science Foundation Network) (Dholakia, et al., 2003; Garay, 1999; Islas Carmona, 2011), mas este hecho no se puede confundir con una apropiacion tecnologica.

Trayectoria tecnologica Web y el orden digital en Latinoamerica: reflexiones historicas desde Brasil

As TCP/IP was being developed and ARPANET and NSFNET were growing, someone had to be managing the existing networks.

Beyond the new "digital divide": analyzing the evolving role of national governments in Internet governance and enhancing cybersecurity

Finally in 1994 the centralized routing protocols or NSFNet Internet Backbone was replaced by a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) which allowed direct communications between computers without having to go through the central system.

A short history of business and entrepreneurial evolution during the 20th century: trends for the new millennium

then operated by the National Science Foundation (NSF) as NSFNET. (11)

Trust and online interaction

It was later popularized by the United States National Science Foundation (NSFNET), the first nationwide educational network linking universities and academic research establishments.

Connectivity and accessibility in Nigerian university libraries: a survey of access, usage, and problems in the university of Nigeria, Nsukka

* High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991 ("The Gore Bill") allows NSFNet to connect to commercial networks 1992 * Workgroup for Electronic Data Interchange (WEDI) "Report to the Secretary of U.

Health information exchange--a public policy challenge for healthcare professionals and administrators

development and maintenance of the core Internet backbone (NSFnet).

Rationales for and against regulatory involvement in resolving Internet interconnection disputes