Not far to the south, in the town of
Nadvoitsy, decades of dumping by an aluminum plant has contaminated drinking- water sources, turning the teeth of the town's children black and rotten.
In Nadvoitsy, a small Russian town near the Finnish border, an estimated 4,000 children have been poisoned by fluoride, which replaces calcium in the body, leaving its victims with blackened, rotting teeth and weakened bones.
Nadvoitsy's experience provides a glimpse into the myriad problems facing the countries of the Former Soviet Union (FSU).
The lower volume was, in part, caused by the cut of production at the Company's least cost-efficient smelters being the Novokuznetsk, Bogoslovsk, Volkhov,
Nadvoitsy, Kandalaksha and Urals Aluminium Smelters in Russia and the Zaporozhye Aluminium Smelter in Ukraine.