The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Nerve Plexus

in vertebrate animals and man, an aggregation of nerve fibers that make up somatic and autonomic nerves; these nerves innervate the skin, musculature, and viscera.

Nerve plexuses can be classified as somatic or autonomic. A somatic nerve plexus is further classed according to which division of the vertebral column it is located in. The cervical plexus consists of the anterior rami of the upper four cervical spinal nerves. This plexus lies on the anterior surface of the deep muscles of the neck, supplying the diaphragm and the skin and muscles of the neck with sensory and motor conduction pathways. The brachial plexus comprises the anterior rami of the first thoracic and the lower four cervical spinal nerves; it passes behind the clavicle and descends into the axillary area. The muscles of the spine, shoulder girdle, and chest, as well as the skin and musculature of the upper extremities, are innervated by the brachial plexus.

The lumbar plexus includes the anterior rami of the first through third and part of the fourth lumbar spinal nerves; the 12th thoracic spinal nerve is also included. The lumbar plexus is located in the posterior wall of the abdomen, innervating the skin and musculature of the abdominal wall, of the external genitalia, and of the anterior and lateral surface of the thigh and leg. The sacral plexus is the largest plexus, comprising the anterior rami of the sacral, coccygeal, and fourth and fifth lumbar spinal nerves. This plexus lies on the lateral surface of the true pelvis and descends into the gluteal region, supplying the gluteal region, perineum, thigh, leg, and foot with sensory and motor innervation.

When a nerve plexus is injured, the sensory and motor functions of the corresponding body parts are impaired.

IA. L. KARAGANOV

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References in periodicals archive

The deeper location of the nerve plexus also meant difficulty in reaching the nerve plexus thereby resulting often in incomplete anaesthesia and frequent failure of blocks.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTERIOR COMBINED APPROACH OF 3 IN 1 BLOCK AND SCIATIC NERVE BLOCK BY SINGLE INJECTION TECHNIQUE FOR BELOW KNEE PROCEDURES

[25] correlated diabetic foot syndrome and corneal subbasal nerve plexus changes and demonstrated decreased corneal sensation and decreased nerve fibre density in Congolese patients with type 2 diabetes with diabetic retinopathy and advanced foot ulceration; however, none of the patients suffered from DNOAP.

Corneal Subbasal Nerve Plexus Changes in Severe Diabetic Charcot Foot Deformity: A Pilot Study in Search for a DNOAP Biomarker

TENS equipment (Quark, model Nemesys 941, Brazil), wave form biphasic symmetric, was applied in the trajectory of the brachial nerve plexus from the superior member.

Different frequencies of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on sympatho-vagal balance/Diferentes frequencias da estimulacao eletrica nervosa transcutanea no balanco simpatovagal

McGhee, "Mapping the corneal sub-basal nerve plexus in keratoconus by in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy," Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, vol.

Corneal sensitivity in keratoconus: a review of the literature

The cervical nerve plexus is located at the posterior triangle of the neck that is formed by the cervical prevertebral fascia, the paravertebral muscles and the cervical vertebra (5).

A simple method for blocking the deep cervical nerve plexus using an ultrasound-guided technique

The first elucidation on the developing oral nerves was the discovery of a circum-oral nervous system called the oral nerve plexus (referred to here as the oral nerve ring, or ONR) in 8- to 14-day larvae (Lacalli et al., 1999).

Dynamic modification of oral innervation during metamorphosis in Branchiostoma belcheri, the oriental lancelet

Temporary stimulation of the sacral nerve, or percutaneous nerve evaluation, involves repeated attempts at guiding a wire into the sacral foramen under general or local anesthetic (most patients prefer general) until the nerve plexus is reached.

Stimulation procedure: sacral nerve may hold key to refractory constipation

However, there remains limited knowledge on its analgesic efficacy and duration in peripheral nerve and nerve plexus blockade.

Comparison of dexmedetomidine and clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block: a randomised double-blind prospective study

At their base these cells gave rise to a process that merged with the basi-epithelial nerve plexus (Fig.

Nervous system development in feeding and nonfeeding asteroid larvae and the early juvenile