a plain in southeastern Poland, located in the Nida basin, between the Góry Świętokrzyskie, the Kraków-Czestochowa Upland, and the Vistula and Pilica river valleys. Lying at an elevation of 200–300 m, the plain is composed of marl, limestone, clay, and gypsum, covered in the east by glacial deposits and in the southwest by loess. In places there is karst topography. In the east are sulfur and salt springs and deposits of sulfur. The soil is podzolic, with chernozem-like soil occurring in the southwest; rendzina is also encountered. The plain is intensively cultivated, with potatoes, rye, oats, wheat, and tobacco as the chief crops. Forests have survived only in the northwest. The principal cities are Jędrejów, Szydlów, and Staszów.