However, what the English mostly saw in Garibaldi was, as Lucy Riall showed, 'an opponent of "
Popery", the "Lord's battleaxe" against the Roman "Babylon"' (Riall, 2007: 332).
Thus fasting, "like so many other aspects of Protestant devotional life, opened cracks through which
popery could step back into the sterile ritual spaces which Protestant doctrine implied" (108).
The answer, Taylor argues, was the revolution's resolution of the two main sources of political instability: the fear over the misuse of the royal prerogative and the threat that
popery posed to the Church and the state.
In 1770, the Society for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge was set up to administer schools in the Highlands and to "combat the ignorance, atheism,
popery and impiety of the Highlands".
The early Luther had believed that since "
popery" deprived Jews of property, Jews were not open to the gospel.
Enjoy elaborate "No
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..." The document then specifically authorized several acts pertaining to the management of Alma's
popery and finances, such as "tak[ing] possession of any and all monies, goods, chattels, and effects belonging to me, wheresoever found ...
Generally, however, this kind of default was tolerated as less of a threat than signs of
popery, which was also covertly practiced and seen as much more dangerous.
One verse urges crushing rebellious Scots and another (long since discarded, it has to be said) goes on about the evils of
Popery.
Based on biblical texts, from creation to the Last Judgement, the plays, which took place over a few days, were banned by Queen Elizabeth I as an example of '
popery'.