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Roman cement

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Roman cement

A quick-setting natural cement that can harden under water and is relatively impervious to water; made of a finely pulverized calcined argillaceous limestone that has been treated in a kiln at a temperature no higher than that necessary to drive off carbon dioxide.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. Copyright © 2003 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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112: "That which is in England very improperly termed Roman Cement ...
Although visionary architect Vitruvius wrote that the sand should be free of any earthy impurities, Roman cement itself was sometimes mixed with fat, milk, and ox blood to increase its adhesive properties.
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