A taxonomic study of the
Spirillum lipoferum group, with description of a new genus, Azospirillum gen.
Jagnow G, Heinemeyer O, Draeger S (1979) Choice of liquid, semisolid, or soil suspension media: An important factor modifying the effect of pesticides on the nitrogenase ([C.sub.2][H.sub.2]) activity of Clostridium pasterianum, Azotobacter chroococcuro, and
Spirillum lipoferum beijerenck.
Rat-bite fever is a disease caused by two different bacteria, Streptobacillus moniliformis and
Spirillum minus, and may actually be two zoonotic diseases rather than one.
Those who remained in the blighted environment, amongst the conflicts between traditional leaders and the British modern state, the new economy of cash-cropping, and the devaluation of rural life were beset by
spirillum, malaria, sleeping sickness, and sexually transmitted diseases.
(Adapted from Harris, 1981) Water Potential ([PSI]) MPa Bars Example Activity in Soil -0.03 -0.3 Ciliates Movement of protozoa, bacteria -0.1 -1.0 Flagellates Movement of protozoa, bacteria -0.5 -5.0 Naked amoeba Movement of protozoa, bacteria
Spirillum -1.5 -15.0 Nitrosomonas [NH.sub.4.sup.+] and S oxidation affected Wilting point of many plants affected Gram-negative bacteria affected -2.5 -25.0 Pseudomonas -4.0 -40.0 Basidiomycete Phycomycete fungal growth yeasts [NH.sub.4.sup.+] and S oxidation cease Archrobacter Gram-positive bacteria affected Streptococcus -6.0 -60.0 Fungal growth -10 -100 Saccharomyces Fungal growth TABLE 9-4 Number of bacteria in air-dried soils from Nebraska sampled by soil depth.
In the absence of free oxygen, several microorganisms such as Bacillus, Enterobacter, Micrococcus, Pseudonomas, and
Spirillum bacteria use oxygen from the nitrate ion for metabolism.
*
Spirillum minus also causes RBF outside the United States.
Experience with other genera of Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas and
Spirillum, has shown that similar luxCDABE mutagenesis protocols are possible in these organisms (E L Haddix, unpublished data).