stapes

[′stā·pēz]

(anatomy)

The stirrup-shaped middle-ear ossicle, articulating with the incus and the oval window. Also known as columella.

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Stapes

(1) The innermost auditory ossicle of the middle ear in man and most other mammals. Together with the malleus (hammer) and incus (anvil), the stapes participates in the transmission of sound into the inner ear. The bony plate at the base of the stapes is situated in the oval window of the vestibule of the cochlea, which is found on the inner wall of the tympanic cavity. Two thin crura depart from the base of the stapes and unite to form the stapedial arch. The head of the stapes, which articulates with the incus, is found at the apex of the arch.

In many mammals the stapes resembles a stirrup, hence the common name of the bone.

(2) The only auditory ossicle in most amphibians and in all reptiles and birds. The term “columella” is also used in reference to the ossicle.

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References in periodicals archive

The pathological status of the stapes was intraoperatively evaluated and classified into two statuses following the 2015 JOS staging system: S0 (no stapes involvement) and S1 (superstructure surrounded by cholesteatoma and/or granulation) (Figure 3) [2].

Short-Term Hearing Prognosis of Ossiculoplasty in Pars Flaccida Cholesteatoma Using the EAONO/JOS Staging System

Does the diameter of the stapes prosthesis really matter?

Does the Diameter of the Prosthesis Affect the Outcome of Stapedotomy?

Axial and coronal planes are necessary for identifying the position of the incus and its relationship with the malleus and stapes.

Barotrauma Induced Incus Dislocation

(4,5) Several studies have shown added utility in the use of semi-automated histogram analysis of CT bone density datasets as well as specialized multiplanar reconstructions paralleling the stapes crus for the detection of very early histopathological changes.

Fenestral otosclerosis

Modern stapes surgery started after John Shea performed his first surgery in 1958, which showed promising results.

ENDOSCOPIC STAPEDOTOMY--OUR EXPERIENCE

In the present case, the presence of the soft tissue on the stapes footplate initially gave the appearance of an otosclerotic plaque.

Persistent stapedial artery with ankylosis of the stapes footplate

By placing a vibration source at the very basal end of the fluid channel, we simulated the stapes driving the cochlea; by placing the source inside a more apical section on the BM, we simulated the backward wave case where the glass probe stimulates the BM directly.

Hydromechanical Structure of the Cochlea Supports the Backward Traveling Wave in the Cochlea In Vivo

The blood supply of the stapes varies from the other two ossicles.

Innovative 3D Model of the Human Middle Ear in High Resolution with a Histological Microgrinding Method: A Feasibility Study and Comparison with [micro]CT

Finally, the effect of the coupling rod on the transducer's performance is signified by the change of the stapes displacement expressed in decibels in the following equation:

An Incus-body driving type piezoelectric middle ear implant design and evaluation in 3D computational model and temporal bone

Explorative tympanotomy performed because of the suspicion of stapes fixation revealed that the stapes were indeed fixed.

Delayed facial paralysis following uneventful KTP laser stapedotomy: two case reports and a review of the literature