a helminthiasis of man caused by the intestinal roundworm Strongyloides stercoralis. Those infected with strongyloidiasis excrete the parasite’s larvae with feces. The larvae develop in the soil, and infection occurs when the mature larvae penetrate the skin or enter the body with contaminated food and drink. They are transported in blood vessels and lymphatics to the lungs and then through the airways to the throat. They are subsequently swallowed with saliva and sputum and enter the intestine. The roundworms parasitize the duodenum and less commonly the entire small intestine and the cecum and colon. They sometimes reach the pylorus and biliary and pancreatic ducts. Fever and allergic reactions (hives) develop shortly after infection. The temperature decreases within a few days, and abdominal pain, nausea, and sometimes vomiting and diarrhea occur.
Strongyloidiasis is diagnosed when the parasite’s larvae are found in feces and bile. The disease is treated with thiabendazole or gentian violet. Preventive measures include the observance of the rules of personal hygiene and health regulations in populated areas. Raw vegetables and fruits should not be eaten until they are thoroughly washed and scalded with boiling water.
N. N. PLOTNIKOV