thyroglobulin

[¦thī·rō′gläb·yə·lən]

(biochemistry)

An iodinated protein found as the storage form of the iodinated hormones in the thyroid follicular lumen and epithelial cells.

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Thyroglobulin

a glycoprotein produced by the follicles of the thyroid gland; a direct precursor of the thyroid hormones. The carbohydrate and protein constituents of thyroglobulin are synthesized in the ribosomes of the thyroid epithelium. Subsequent iodination of the residues of the amino acid tyrosine, which are part of the thyroglobulin molecule, results in the formation of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These are released into the blood after splitting off from thyroglobulin under the influence of the proteolytic enzymes of the thyroid gland. The cells’ ability to iodinate thyroglobulin arises after the appearance of the endoplasmic reticulum in the gland, the formation of follicles, and the secretion of thyrotropin by the hypophysis.

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References in periodicals archive

Predictive Value of Preablation Stimulated Thyroglobulin and Thyroglobulin/Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Ratio in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

The Role of Pre-ablative Stimulated Thyroglobulin and Thyroglobulin/Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Ratio for Predicting Metastasis in Thyroid Cancer/Tiroid Kanserinde Pre-ablatif Stimule Tiroglobulin ve Tiroglobulin/Tiroid Uyarici Hormon Oraninin Metastaz Tahminindeki Rolu

Immunohistochemical stain on core biopsy showing negative staining for Thyroglobulin (Thyroglobulin stain X 200).

Fine needle aspiration cytology of pulmonary papillary adeno-carcinoma mimicking papillary thyroid carcinoma

Clinical and biochemical features Values Age, yrs 16.5 (7-18) Tumor size, mm 24 (13-46) pN0/N1a/N1b 2/1/11 Extrathyroid extension: no/minimal/massive 5/8/1 Thyroid ablation 2 cases ([greater than or equal to] 30 mCi) Whole body scintigraphy 3 cases ([less than or equal to]13 mCi) Follow-up period, yrs 8.4 (3.5-15.8) Lymph node recurrence 5 cases Number of Tg measurements 6.5 (4-12) Tg-DT, yrs 8.3 (-4.5-147) 1/Tg-DT 0.12 (-0.29-0.51) hTV-DT, yrs 0.5 (0.3-0.6) 1/hTV-DT 1.99 (1.68-4.01) Values are median (ranges) and numbers of cases, Tg: thyroglobulin, Tg-DT: thyroglobulin-doubling time, and hTV-DT: hypothetical tumor volume-doubling time.

Spontaneous Slowing and Regressing of Tumor Growth in Childhood/Adolescent Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas Suggested by the Postoperative Thyroglobulin-Doubling Time

Ringseis, "Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins are transcriptional regulators of the thyroglobulin gene in thyroid cells," Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol.

Palmitic Acid Downregulates Thyroglobulin (Tg), Sodium Iodide Symporter (NIS), and Thyroperoxidase (TPO) in Human Primary Thyrocytes: A Potential Mechanism by Which Lipotoxicity Affects Thyroid?

Serum thyroglobulin levels after fine-needle aspiration of thyroid nodules.

Unexpected Change in Thyroglobulin Concentration

In Figure 3, a strong labeling of thyroglobulin in an interfollicular space is evident in old animals.

Mouse Thyroid Gland Changes in Aging: Implication of Galectin-3 and Sphingomyelinase

The rise of the thyroglobulin antibodies and anticardiolipin antibody indicated abnormal autoimmunity.

Retinitis Pigmentosa and Bilateral Idiopathic Demyelinating Optic Neuritis in a 6-Year-Old Boy with OFD1 Gene Mutation

Rapoport, "Why measure thyroglobulin autoantibodies rather than thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies?" Thyroid, vol.

Unusual Presentation of Tuberculous Thyroid Abscess in a Background of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in a Chronic Hepatitis B Carrier

The IHC characterization of the thyroid cells was performed with antibodies against thyroglobulin (specific for thyroid follicular cells) and calcitonin (specific for thyroid C-cells [or parafollicular cells]) (RAMOS-VARA et al., 2002; CIAPUTA et al., 2014).

Myelopathy associated with cervical epidural spinal metastasis of follicular-compact thyroid carcinoma in two dogs/Mielopatia associada a metastase epidural cervical de carcinoma folicular-compacto de tireoide em dois caes

Background: Postoperative preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (ps-Tg) has been evaluated in predicting prognosis and success of ablation regarding differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC); however, its relationship with recurrence risk and radioiodine decision-making remains uncertain, especially in Chinese DTC patients.

Postoperative Stimulated Thyroglobulin Level and Recurrence Risk Stratification in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Studies have shown that microvilli of thyroid follicular cells phagocytose colloid from follicular lumina so that thyroid hormones formed on the scaffold of thyroglobulin can be processed intracellularly and released into circulation (French & Hodges, 1977).

Ultrastructure of the Thyroid Gland in Adult West African Dwarf Goat (Capra hircus)/Ultraestructura de la Glandula Tiroides en la Cabra Enana Africana Occidental (Capra hircus)