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Thyroid Hormones

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The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Thyroid Hormones

 

the hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland in animals and man. Thyroid hormones are formed from the amino acid tyrosine and iodine; they exert diverse influences on the body. The synthesis and entry of thyroid hormones into the blood are regulated by the central nervous system.

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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'TSH levels become high in the blood when the thyroid is not producing enough thyroid hormones. The pituitary gland of the brain then produces more TSH in an attempt to stimulate the production of T3 and T4,' he explained.
In Hashimoto's disease, on the other hand, our immune system damages the thyroid so that it produces very little thyroid hormone. Sensing a low thyroid hormone level, the pituitary gland (an endocrine gland located in the brain) produces a hormone that stimulates the thyroid to produce more hormones, which then causes the gland to enlarge.
Low levels of thyroid hormones predict poor prognosis in severe illnesses, and the use of thyroid hormone therapy is still controversial.
A prominent decrease in concentration of hepatic uridine diphosphate (UDP) glucuronic acid may be caused due to the absence of thyroid hormones, which is considerably low in infants as a result of the decrease in UDPG dehydrogenase activity.
You also need to determine whether you need to be supplementing with thyroid hormones.
An overactive thyroid in older adults is most likely related to thyroid nodules: abnormal growths that can produce more thyroid hormone. An overactive thyroid also may be caused by an autoimmune condition called Graves' disease.
Our aim in this study is to investigate the relationship between the behavior of thyroid hormones and the behaviors exhibited by athletes who are disqualified from the competition as a result of the aggressive behavior in various sports branches.
It has been shown that administration of T3 which is the metabolically active form of thyroid hormone can affect growth factors produced by the salivary glands, however it needs to be investigated if the exogenous administration of T3 can also cause any morphological or cytological changes in the sublingual tissue.
Usually, thyrotoxicosis can be caused by the following conditions:[sup][6] (1) the thyroid is excessively stimulated by trophic factors; (2) constitutive activation of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion occurs, leading to autonomous release of excess thyroid hormones; (3) thyroid stores of preformed hormone are passively released in excessive amounts due to autoimmune, infectious, chemical, or mechanical insult; or (4) there is exposure to extrathyroidal sources of thyroid hormone.
While thyroid hormones produced by or given to the mother cross the placenta in only limited amounts, both thyroid antibodies and antithyroid drugs (ATDs) readily cross the placenta and affect fetal thyroid function.
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