Future research also should determine whether this non-native species is having any competitive impact on the native scoliids, tiphiids (
Tiphiidae), and other soil-inhabiting arthropods.
This also is known for other members of the Hymenoptera, including local species such as native Flower Wasps (
Tiphiidae) and European Wasps Vespula germanica (Hassan 1992; Birtchnell et al.
This is critical for conservationists seeking to protect the many Australian species pollinated by male wasps in the family,
Tiphiidae, as females are wingless and males carry them off in a nuptial flight ending with male and female taking nectar from local plants (Alcock & Gwynne, 1987).
These families include Ichneumonidae, Ormyridae, Eucollidae, Bethyliidae, Dryinidae, Sphecidae, Halictidae, Apidae,
Tiphiidae, Mutillidae, Bradynobaenidae, Pompilidae, Vespidae and Formicidae.
Male thynnine wasps (
Tiphiidae: Subfamily Thynninae) are the pollinators of some 70 species in the genera Arthrochilus, Caladenia, Chiloglottis, Drakaea, Spiculaea, and Paracaleana whereas other parasitic wasps, sawflies, and ants pollinate Cryptostylis and Calochilus, Paracaleana, and Leporella, respectively (Stoutamire 1983; Peakall et al.
insanus (Buckley), Myrmecocystus mexicanus Wesmael,
Tiphiidae sp.
Orchids in the genus Chiloglottis are pollinated through the sexual deception of male wasps mainly from the genus Neozeleboria (
Tiphiidae: Thynninae).
Courtship feeding and mate choice in thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera:
Tiphiidae).
Excluding Apidae, Scoliidae (n = 1,080) and
Tiphiidae (n = 628) were the most commonly observed families, with Scolia nobilitata F.