Livonia

1. a former Russian province on the Baltic, north of Lithuania: became Russian in 1721; divided between Estonia and Latvia in 1918

2. a city in SE Michigan, west of Detroit. Pop.: 99 487 (2003 est.)

Collins Discovery Encyclopedia, 1st edition © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Livonia

originally the name of the region inhabited by the Livs in the late 12th and early 13th centuries, lying along the lower reaches of the Daugava and Gauja rivers. From the second quarter of the 13th century to 1561, Livonia was the name given to the entire territory of Latvia and Estonia, which was controlled by the German Knights.

Livonia was a confederation of five feudal states: the Livonian Order, the Archbishopric of Riga, and the Bishoprics of Courland, Dorpat (Tartu), and Ösel. It was nominally ruled by the pope and the German emperor. After the creation of the Duchy of Courland in 1561, the name Livonia was applied to northern Latvia and southern Estonia—territories that in the course of the Livonian War came under the control of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Truce of Altmark in 1629, these territories passed to Sweden. With this restricted meaning, the name “Livonia” was replaced by “Livland” in the 17th century.

Livonia

a city in the northern part of the USA, in Michigan. An industrial suburb of Detroit, it had a population of 110,000 in 1970. The chief industry is machine building, including motor vehicles.

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References in periodicals archive

Another aim is to correlate local pollen assemblage zones (LPAZ) to those of the regional North Vidzeme palynostratigraphy, as well as to estimate the earliest detectable human impact in the pollen and plant macroremain data.

Reconstruction of palaeovegetation and sedimentation conditions in the area of ancient Lake Burtnieks, northern Latvia./Taimkatte arengu ja settetingimuste rekonstruktsioon Burtnieki jarve umbruses Pohja-Latis

Secondly, the exceptional features of Salaca Livonian which resemble Courland Livonian, especially its western dialect, can be remnants of the former Livonian variety of southern Vidzeme. The specific traits and some similarities with Mulgi, Leivu and other southernmost South Estonian dialects could be the remnants of the archaic Metsepole Livonian, which differed both from the southern Vidzeme dialects of Livonian and Courland Livonian.

Medieval Livonian county Metsepole and the historical and linguistic border between Livonians and Estonians

For me The Baltic Times serves as a teaching tool: we analyse its content with our media and journalism students at Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences when studying the Latvian and Baltic media environment.

The Baltic Times Gala Dinner highlights media role amid geopolitical tensions in the region

Proportional division of manor complexes Manor komplexes in regions of Latvia Kurzeme 24% Vidzeme 33% Zemgale 25% Latgale 18% Note: Table made from pie chart.

Development opportunities of Latvian historical parks. Example of Kurzeme/ Latvijos istoriniu parku raidos galimybes. Kurzemes pavyzdys

Caption: Gatis Krumins, rector of Latvia's Vidzeme university of Applied Sciences.

Soviet Union (Russia) and the Baltics: who owes what to whom?

The mayor of Rezekne, from Harmony Centre, explained that his vote for Russian in 2012 was "my protest" as he wanted to "show that national minorities were living in a fair society" In the past, resentment has focussed on the national government's favouring Vidzeme and Riga itself over Latgale in the distribution of EU funds.

Latvia's borderland Latgale: a state within a state

Bei Lehnwortern mit zahlreichen phonetischen Varianten oder einem ausgedehnten Verbreitungsgebiet uber die Grenzen von Vidzeme hinaus hat E.

Elga Kagaine, Lokalie somugrismi latviesu valodas Ziemelrietumvidzemes izloksnes

The case has been handed to the Riga Vidzeme District Court.

Case against two board members of Rigas Energija company about MPC fraud sent to court

26-28, Latvian National Symphony Orchestra Summer Festival, Vidzeme Concert Hall, Cesis

Event guide

In hochsten Tonen lobt er beispielsweise Untersuchungen der lettischen Ethnografin Aina Alsupe wie "Audeji Vidzeme 19.

Lembit Vaba--60

RIGA, Aug 15 (LETA) - Riga Vidzeme District Court has ruled in favor of construction company ReRe Buve 1 and banned the state real estate management company Valsts Nekustamie Ipasumi (VNI) from signing any new contracts for other construction companies and third parties for completion of the reconstruction of New Riga Theater building on Lacplesa Street in Riga, LETA learned at the court.

Court bans VNI from signing contracts with other construction companies for New Riga Theater reconstruction project