Born May 5, 1836, in Brieg (now Brzeg), Silesia; died Mar. 29, 1913, in Breslau. German idealist philosopher, representative of immanent philosophy. Professor at the University of Greifswald from 1873 to 1910.
Schuppe considered the ultimate irreducible element (the basis of philosophy) to be the experimentally established “I,” the content of the consciousness of which is, according to Schuppe, “reality” (cognizable reality). To avoid solipsism, Schuppe supplemented his theory by postulating a theory of consciousness in general, which lends to reality an objective character. Thus, a subjectivist idealist theory became in Schuppe’s philosophy an objectivist idealist theory. V. I. Lenin sharply criticized Schuppe as “a reactionary in philosophy” in Materialism and Empiriocriticism.