G proteins and
autocrine signaling differentially regulate gonadotropin subunit expression in pituitary gonadotrope.
Neoplastic EVs exert oncogenic functions that (1) boost malignancy through
autocrine signaling, (2) induce a suppression of HSPC functions and SC malignant transformation, (3) modify the BM environment in favor of cancer/leukemic cells acting also on MSCs.
The vasoconstrictor response initiated by a1-adrenoceptor activation in arterioles appears to be very complex and also involves
autocrine signaling mediated by ATP release through pannexin channels.
Many cytokines upregulated in cancer cells are mediated through
autocrine signaling. Meanwhile, cancer cells also use paracrine-signaling mechanism to recruit immune cells to the tumor site.
Resistance mechanisms include constitutive
autocrine signaling through EGFR or loss of the full-length BRAF V600E protein.
Because
autocrine signaling is not completely ruled out even in dissociated cells, it is possible that
autocrine signaling works differently between embryos of these two animals.
Because TGF-[beta] is widely regarded as the central progenitor of fibrotic scars and has a large capacity for
autocrine signaling, the degradation of Sp1 may serve as a putative pharmacological target in keloids.
It is now clear that tumor cells acquire a certain degree of self-sufficiency through
autocrine signaling pathways that facilitate their growth, survival, and invasion [89].
Citation: "
Autocrine Signaling Based Selection of Combinatorial Antibodies That Transdifferentiate Human Stem Cells"; Lerner et a!.; early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 22 April 2013, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1306263110