Tektins possibly provide stability and structural complexity to
axonemal microtubules [19].
Sheikh et al., "Identification of a homozygous splice site mutation in the dynein
axonemal light chain 4 gene on 22q13.1 in a large consanguineous family from Pakistan with congenital mirror movement disorder," Human Genetics, vol.
The subsequent cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of
axonemal proteins and dynein light chain triggers the movement of the flagellum (Hayashi et al., 1987; Inaba et al., 1999).
(1986) The
axonemal axis and [Ca.sup.2+] induced asymmetry of active microtubule sliding in sea urchin sperm tails.
Normal
axonemal structure and function in Kartagener's syndrome: an explicable paradox.
2002; Watson et al., 1994), sperm motility and
axonemal protein phosphorylation (Aitken et al.,
This desensitization involves the uncoupling of downstream cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase action on ciliary
axonemal targets [6].
Mammalian spermatozoa are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and, thus, are very susceptible to ROS attack which results in a decreased sperm motility due to altered membrane permeability and fluidity, presumably by a rapid loss of intracellular ATP leading to
axonemal damage, decreased sperm viability, and increased midpiece morphology defects with deleterious effects on sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction (35-37).
A moving image of flagella: news and views on the mechanisms involved in
axonemal beating.
Several reproduction-related transcripts--for example, vitelline envelope zona pellucida domain 2 (Ha-VEZPD2), vitellogenin (Ha-VTG1), sperm lysin (Ha-SL), fertilization protein (Ha-FP), tektin A1 (HaTekA1),
axonemal protein 66.0 (Ha-Axp66.0), and double-sex male abnormal-3-related transcription factor 1--(Ha-DMRT1)--were identified.