The defect of power in the existing Confederacy to regulate the commerce between its several members, is in the number of those which have been clearly pointed out by experience.
The regulation of commerce with the Indian tribes is very properly unfettered from two limitations in the articles of Confederation, which render the provision obscure and contradictory.
In the fourth article of the Confederation, it is declared "that the FREE INHABITANTS of each of these States, paupers, vagabonds, and fugitives from justice, excepted, shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of FREE CITIZENS in the several States; and THE PEOPLE of each State shall, in every other, enjoy all the privileges of trade and commerce," etc.
The power of establishing uniform laws of bankruptcy is so intimately connected with the regulation of commerce, and will prevent so many frauds where the parties or their property may lie or be removed into different States, that the expediency of it seems not likely to be drawn into question.
Commerce has been for ages the predominant pursuit of that country.
The wars of these two last-mentioned nations have in a great measure grown out of commercial considerations, -- the desire of supplanting and the fear of being supplanted, either in particular branches of traffic or in the general advantages of trade and navigation, and sometimes even the more culpable desire of sharing in the commerce of other nations without their consent.
These labourers, who must sell themselves piece-meal, are a commodity, like every other article of
commerce, and are consequently exposed to all the vicissitudes of competition, to all the fluctuations of the market.
Temple turned his attention from the pursuit of
commerce, which was then fluctuating and uncertain, to the settlement of those tracts of land which he had purchased.
In June 1935 Jones reported to the Secretary of
Commerce, Daniel C.
More fundamentally, the court's decision raises key issues under the
Commerce Clause about the States' freedom to compete for interstate
commerce and foster economic development within their borders, as well as important issues of who may challenge a State's tax policy choices.
They argued that the tax incentives were invalid under the
commerce clause of the U.S.