In the subacute study, E. purpurea juice was administered via gastric tube at levels of 0, 800, 2400 or 8000 mg/kg bw/day for 28 days to four groups of rats (18 males and 18 females per group, consuming the equivalent of 2.72-4 g crude Echinacea per day).
In the first mutagenicity assay--the bacterial mutation (Ames) assay--the mutagenic potential of E. purpurea juice lyophilizate was evaluated at concentrations of up to 5000 [mu]g/plate in five test strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537 and TA 1538); no evidence of toxicity or mutagenicity was observed, with or without metabolic activation.
It has been reported that E. purpurea stimulates PRL secretion in rat (Di Carlo et al., 2005) but, to our knowledge, no study has correlated Echinacea extracts with prolactin function.
New alkamides from Echinacea angustifolia and E. purpurea roots.
In this work, we investigated the use of E. purpurea root extract to improve the in vivo anti-venom humoral immune response of mice immunized with B.
Plant extract: crude powder of E. purpurea root was kindly provided by "Industria Los Patitos, S.A.", Heredia, Costa Rica.
In 1999 (first growth period), plant survival 18 and 120 days after transplanting was highest for
E. purpurea and lowest for E.
There are nine species, three of which have entered the herbal market as supplements:
E. purpurea, E.
an arabinorhamnogalactan from the upper parts of
E. purpurea e.g.
Isolated AGP (100 [micro]l) (concentration 0.01-100 [micro]g/ml) from
E. purpurea (Classen et al., 2000) was added before incubation at room temperature for half an hour.
Of particular interest are the alkamides isolated from
E. purpurea and E.