In
essential hypertension, structural and functional changes occur in the blood vessels along with endothelial dysfunction and increased sympathetic activity, leading to arterial stiffness and raised PSV.
Mean age of all the patients was 30.8+-7.1 years, while for patients having
essential hypertension it was 30.97+-7.1 years, whereas, for those with primary hyperaldosteronism it was 29.25+-7.1 years (Table-1).
Effect of antihypertensive treatment on endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with
essential hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 21: 1145-51.
Later on, a similar increase in serum PTH was demonstrated in association with increased urinary calcium excretion [57], lower serum calcium concentrations [58], and comparable vitamin D levels [59] in patients with primary aldosteronism in comparison to patients with
essential hypertension. Consistent with these findings, increased prevalence of osteoporosis and increased risk of bone fracture have been reported in patients with primary aldosteronism who were recruited in different geographical areas and were compared to matched patients with
essential hypertension [60, 61].
Earlier studies have shown that ACE inhibitors are highly effective in the treatment of
essential hypertension in reducing both SBP and DBP.
Environmental factors in the development of
essential hypertension. Br.
Other factors that have been associated with
essential hypertension include obesity, diabetes stress, insufficient intake of potassium, calcium, magnesium and lack of physical activity.
Practically everyone, i.e., more than 95 percent of all people, will develop
essential hypertension at some point in their life, although some at a much later age than others.
We call it
essential hypertension. The remaining five per cent is due to renal disease, hormonal disease (pheochromocytoma) and congenital coarctation (narrowing) of the aorta."