leukoplakia

[‚lü·kō′plā·kē·ə]

(medicine)

Formation of thickened white patches on mucous membranes, particularly of the mouth and vulva.

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Leukoplakia

milky-white spots (radius, to 0.5 cm) on the mucous membranes near the skin (for example, on the lower lip) and on the cheeks, tongue, bottom of the mouth, esophagus, cervix uteri, vagina, and urinary bladder.

Leukoplakia is one of the precancerous diseases. Smoking, advanced tooth decay, excessive consumption of alcohol or spices, certain inflammations of the oral cavity, avitaminosis A or B complex, and poorly fitting metal dental bridges, fillings, and crowns may give rise to leukoplakia. The disease occurs in two forms. In simple leukoplakia, the mucous membrane is smooth; its surface resembles mosaic or parquetry. This may be complicated by fissures or erosions. In verrucose leukoplakia, the mucosa is raised and the color varies from pearly to chalky. Patients complain of sensations of petrifaction, burning, and tenderness. Treatment is by surgical removal, electrocoagulation, or radiation therapy.

Mentioned in

Oral Cavity

References in periodicals archive

Most commonly found lesions were oral candidiasis in various forms (3,7,14,18), gingivitis (2,13,14,16), acute her petic gingivostomatitis (2), linear gingival erythema (1,10,17), oral hairy leukoplakia (5,9,13), Kaposi's sarcoma (1,5,15) and parotid enlargement (4,13,15,19).

Most common oral manifestations in pediatric patients HIV positive and the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy

Oral hairy leukoplakia is a form of leukoplakia which presents as a white, hairy appearing lesion on one or both lateral borders of the tongue, which cannot be scraped off.

Oral lesions in kidney transplant recipients

Oral lesions especially oral candidiasis, necrotizing periodontal conditions, Kaposi sarcoma, oral hairy leukoplakia, oral warts and recurrent oral ulcers are essentially related to HIV/AIDS disease progression.1

EFFECT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON ORAL LESIONS IN HIV/AIDS

* Consider evaluation for human immunodeficiency virus infection for any patient who has acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/acute necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, recurrent candidiasis, or oral hairy leukoplakia, (A)

Oral lesions you can't afford to miss

Relation of hairy leukoplakia to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus and the risk of developing AIDS.

Human immunodeficiency virus and oral health

In the current study, the knowledge regarding Oral Manifestations associated with the HIV/AIDS was adequate such as Oral candidiasis (95.0%), Oral Hairy leukoplakia (85.0%), Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (88.0%), Herpes Zoster (81.0%), Kaposi's sarcoma (86.0%), Apthous ulcers (81.0%) and Salivary Gland disease (75.0%) which was similar to the study conducted by Sadeghi and Hakimi among Iranian dental students [45], in which, 98.1% respondents correctly identified oral candidiasis, 95.8% identified Major Aphthous, and 93.8% identified Kaposi's sarcoma.

Knowledge and attitude of faculty members working in dental institutions towards the dental treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS

Of particular concern is oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL), a result of Epstein-Barr virus infection, commonly seen in HIV infected individuals.

Oral complications and management strategies for patients undergoing cancer therapy

We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus who was found to have oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL).

Oral hairy leukoplakia in an HIV-negative patient

This can easily be treated with Nystatin lozenges available from your pharmacy; * Hairy leukoplakia - this is a common oral condition and appears as white lesions on the tongue (sometimes it can be the first sign of HIV); * Menopausal changes - some women find fluctuating hormone levels during menopause can bring about a condition known as burning tongue.

Tongues have ways of telling you how healthy you are; When we think about the health of our mouth we focus on our teeth. But our tongue is as important, as Alison Lowe explains

Epstein-Barr virus causes infectious mononucleosis and is associated with several benign and malignant conditions, including Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders, Kikuchi histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, hydroa vacciniforme, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, and oral hairy leukoplakia. Infectious mononucleosis presents with fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, and malaise.

Cutaneous infections caused by herpesviridae: a review

EBV may cause Infectious mononucleosis, nasopharenx carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin disease, lymphoproliferative disease after transplantation and "oral hairy leukoplakia" disease in "human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)" serology positive patients.3,4 Even though approximately more than 90 percent of all humans are infected with EBV it rarely causes hepatitis and even if it does it is usu-ally benign and it rarely causes hepatic failure in which the outcome has a high mortality rate.

EBV-induced fulminant hepatic failure treated with liver transplantation

These factors were loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting; temperature >38[degrees]C, oral hairy leukoplakia, CD4 count <100 cells/[mm.sup.3], anemia, leukocytosis, and paratracheal adenopathy or a miliary pattern on a chest radiograph (Table 2).

Bloodstream infections among HIV-infected outpatients, Southeast Asia