In patients with a small
hernial sac or associated umbilical hernia, laparoscopy through the umbilicus was performed.
Uterine herniation is a rare and specific complication of pregnancy in which a weakened part of the uterus is transformed into a pouch or
hernial sac whose wall contains all the usual uterine layers [19].
The
hernial sac and larger lipoma where resected and removed using the endobag.
In direct medial inguinal hernia, the
hernial sac protrudes through the abdominal wall in the area of Hesselbach's triangle, a region bounded by the rectus abdominis muscle, inguinal ligament, and inferior epigastric vessels.
Hernial defect repair without removing
hernial sac is the most common surgical procedure, which can be performed via abdominal, thoracic, or laparoscopic approaches.
Ligation of the
hernial sac is considered necessary to avoid recurrence of hernia and adequate mobilization of the testis.
During dissection of
hernial sac, if pain was felt due to peritoneal traction, this was treated by injecting 10ml of solution into the neck of the sac.
The chest cavity was examined via the hernial defect, and no
hernial sac was present.
When manual reduction is technically difficult due to its bulky size or adhesions within the sac, an incision can be made in the avascular portion of the
hernial sac to the right of the inferior mesenteric vessels to enlarge the opening.
As a result, the small bowel becomes trapped in a
hernial sac formed by the peritoneum behind the colonic mesentery, where the cecum and ascending colon rotate anteriorly, while in left PDH, the small bowel invaginates into an avascular segment of the left mesocolon and is entrapped between the mesocolon and the posterior abdominal wall, forming the anterior wall of the hernia sac [4, 37].
Under local infiltration analgesia,
hernial sac was opened in all animals to expose the contents (Fig.