(11) Both species had
hexadecanoic acid and hentriacontane as major components in their essential oils.
The most predominant compounds were pherophorbide a, pheophorbide a', pyropheophorbide a, methyl pyropheophorbide a,
hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, campesterol, stigmasterol, and [beta]-sitosterol.
From GC-MS analyses, bioactive extracts that show significant antidepressant activity contain fatty acid or esters such as methyl ester of
hexadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester of 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z), Methyl stearidonate, Heneicosane, 16,17-Epoxyandrostane, Triacontane, Diisooctyl phthalate, Tetracosane; steroidals such as Stigmast-4-en-3-one, Squalene and [beta]-Sitosterol; and phenolics such as 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 3,4-Dimethoxy-6-methylpyrocatechol, 4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxy-Phenol.
These can be further discussed as the total composition (34.734%) of compounds from stigmastane-3,6-dione, (5.alpha.),
hexadecanoic acid, and stigmast-4-en-3-one has the ability of antimicrobial properties when compared to major components of acetone solvent extracts.
Palmitic acid (
hexadecanoic acid; a saturated fattyacid) is commonly found in animals, plants and microorganisms.
In general, secondary metabolites produced by infected oil palm were relatively higher for tolerant progenies, P4 and P5, namely benzoic acid, methyl ester;
hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester.
Components Amount (%) S- ASR ASR 1 Butylphthalide 4.35 2.47 2 Pentadecane, 8-heptyl- 0.29 -- 3 Z-Butylidenephthalide 8.79 4.61 4 b-Eudesmol 0.13 -- 5 E-Butylidenephthalide 0.15 0.11 6 Senkyunolide A 3.14 2.43 7 Muurola-4,11-diene 0.14 0.08 8 Z-Ligustilide 49.8 41.5 9 1-Nonadecene 0.56 0.36 10 Cryptone 0.58 0.31 11 3,9-Diethyl-6-tridecanol 0.21 0.14 12 5-(2-Thienyl)-4-pyrimidinamine 0.19 0.13 13 g-Eudesmol 0.27 0.10 14 E-Ligustilide 8.30 4.55 15 6,7-Dihydroxyligustilide 0.12 0.09 16 Senkyunolide F 0.18 0.10 17
Hexadecanoic acid 0.01 -- 18 Senkyunolide H 0.12 0.04 19 Senkyunolide I 0.38 0.13 20 1-Octadecanol 0.20 -- 21 Methoxsalen 0.22 0.12 22 Marmesin 0.21 -- 23 Lomatin 0.70 0.53 (a) RRI: Related retention indices calculated against n-alkanes.
The analysis of bioactive compounds by GC-MS confirmed the presence of acetic acid
hexadecanoic acid citric acid 9-octadecenoic acid as the major membrane-active antibacterial compounds.Copyright 2014 Friends Science Publishers.
1,2, benzendicarboxylic acid (5.39%), phthalic acid (1.99%), butanoic acid (0.35%),
hexadecanoic acid (0.29%), propanoic acid (0.15%), 9-octadecenamide (0.13%), benzene acetic acid (0.09%) and 4-(1-1-dimethyl ethyl)-methyl acetate (0.08%) (Fig.
These five main components were identified as cis-9-hexadecenoic acid (0.65%),
hexadecanoic acid (16.34%), cis-9, cis-12-octadecenoic acid (27.53%), cis-9-octadecenoic acid (47.30%), and octadecanoic acid (8.17%).
The wax biosynthesis starts with
hexadecanoic acid and long chain fatty acids with an even carbon number are produced by elongation.
Compound sawdust sawdust 1 Hexanoic acid 0.5 0 2 Octanoic acid 0.4 2.2 3 Nonanoic acid 1.1 6.7 4 Decanoic acid 0 0 5 Dodecanoic acid 0.6 0 6 Tetradecanoic acid 0.9 4.6 7
Hexadecanoic acid 43.9 190.5 8 Heptadecanoic acid, anteiso 36.2 57.2 9 Octadecanoic acid 12.7 67.3 10 9-Octadecenoic acid 93.9 1,598.0 11 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid 29.2 418.2 12 9, 12, 15 Octadecatrienoic acid 12.6 141.3 13 Docosanoic acid 16.5 39.7 14 Pimaric acid 77.7 1,253.5 15 Isopimaric acid 105.9 583.8 16 Abietic acid 77.9 2,426.1 17 Dehydroabietic acid 727.2 5,291.5 18 7-Oxodchydroabietic acid 172.6 986.3 Table 4.