Maternal oral hydration with
hypotonic solution (water) increases amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy.
Recently,
hypotonic shock has been used to induce triploidy (Wang et al.
While hyponatremia is rare, it can easily develop, especially in pediatric patients after
hypotonic fluid infusion.
Challenge students to make and test predictions prior to exposing cells to hypertonic,
hypotonic, or isotonic environments.
(Membrane stabilization effect of the extract) Treatment Extract Normal Distilled RBC concentration saline water (blood) (mg/ml) (ml) (ml) (ml) Isotonic -- 2.4 -- 0.1 solution
Hypotonic -- 1.9 0.5 0.1 solution Test sample 0.1 1.8 0.5 0.1 Test sample 0.2 1.8 0.5 0.1 Test sample 0.4 1.8 0.5 0.1 Test sample 0.6 1.8 0.5 0.1 Test sample 0.8 1.8 0.5 0.1 Test sample 0.9 1.8 0.5 0.1 0.2mg/ml -- 1.8 0.5 0.1 indomethacin Treatment Absorbance % inhibition of haemolysis Isotonic 0.05 solution
Hypotonic 0.75 solution Test sample 0.67 11 Test sample 0.27 69 Test sample 0.09 87 Test sample 0.08 89 Test sample 0.075 89 Test sample 0.055 92 0.2mg/ml 0.065 91 indomethacin
Carnitine, along with short-chain, medium-chain and long-chain acylcarnitines remain in red blood cells at average percentages of 19.3, 34, 34, and 32%, respectively, after washing with a total
hypotonic solution.
In addition to the administration of
hypotonic parenteral solutions, such as D5W or 2/3 and 1/3, oral and enteral intake may be a source of electrolyte-free water that contributes to the development of acute hyponatremia (e.g.,
hypotonic feeds, water, ice chips) (Shafiee et al., 2005).
When we were approached by a drink manufacturer to investigate the efficacy of their two
hypotonic drinks, we designed a study in which the subjects were competitive athletes performing the exercise tests at room temperature in a more realistic non-fasted state.
ABM Clinical Protocol #16: Breastfeeding-the
hypotonic infant.
Their creativity is
hypotonic and their curriculum vitae is full of studies they never participated in; they received the co-authorship as a routine procedure.
Following the ingestion of the supplement prior to each bout of exercise, a
hypotonic thirstquencher (4 mg of carbohydrate (orange juice) and 100 ml of water) was administered at fifteen minute intervals during each bout.
By the neurological assessment, a central muscle tonus disability was diagnosed, indicating a
hypotonic syndrome.