Siika-Aho, "Thermostable enzymes in
lignocellulose hydrolysis," in Biofuels, L.
Lignocellulose is what stands between you and a tankful of fuel created from corn stalks or switchgrass.
Adetunji, O.A., Ojumu, T.V., and Solomon, B.O., 2009, "A Comparative Study of the Hydrolysis of Gamma Irradiated
Lignocelluloses," BJChE, 26(2), pp.
In general,
lignocellulose hydrolysate is a diluted sugar solution, which means less ethanol is produced after fermentation, making the distillation process energy-intensive and costly.
Lignocellulose is the structural component of biomass that makes up much of the tough, 'recalcitrant' cell walls of plants, and poses technical hurdles for some second-generation, or cellulosic biofuels.
Recently, a great deal of attention has been focused on the use of
lignocellulose biomass to produce bioethanol and other useful metabolites by means of its hydrolysis with lignocellulolytic enzymes produced by various microorganisms (Bhat 2000; Gabel & Zacchi 2002; Kim & Dale 2004).
Fuels derived from
lignocellulose biomass offer a promising alternative to conventional energy sources.
DEGRADATION OF
LIGNOCELLULOSE IN SOUTHERN PINE SAWDUST BY THE FUNGUS TRICHODERMA REESEI
According to Bio Vision, engineering and economic challenges have made it unfeasible to convert wood plant fibres (
lignocellulose) into industrially useable sugars on a commercially viable basis.
This reaction is essentially the straw carbohydrates having nonenzymatic browning reactions with amines or amino acids and moisture to form "Burnt Sugar." These compounds are nondigestible forms of nitrogen for cows called "artifact lignin." These brown-colored compounds contain approximately 11 percent N
lignocellulose, which is indigestible by a cow, but is used by the mushroom.
A welcoming reception will be held on the evening of Sunday, March 5, with the event officially opening the following morning with a group of sessions focused on fuel alcohols from grains and sugar, including a plenary lecture on "State-of-the-art Production of Fuel Ethanol Using Granular Starch Hydrolyzing Enzymes." Later in the day, sessions will focus on fuel ethanol from biomass and cellulosics, including a plenary lecture providing an overview of recent advancements in
lignocellulose to ethanol conversion technology.
At the interspecies level, no single cell wall constituent (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and
lignocellulose) when considered on an individual dry weight basis was found to be significantly correlated with wear tolerance.