We must take into account the constitutive MLSB phenotype in which an enzyme methylates the 23s rRNA, altering the receptor affinities of not only macrolides, but also
lincomycins and streptogramins (21).
Concentrations in surface waters and groundwater were 0.36 [micro]g/l of
lincomycin and 1.5 [micro]g/l of tylosin [15], whereas concentrations in treated water were generally below 5 x [10.sup.-2] [micro]g/l (or 50ng/l) [16].
Additionally, all isolates but 1 were susceptible to kanamycin (MIC [less than or equal to]128 mg/L), and 12 isolates showed susceptibility to linezolid (MICs <2 mg/L), streptomycin (MICs [greater than or equal to]2,048 mg/L), and
lincomycin ([greater than or equal to]8 mg/L).
According to their study, Gentamicin was (96.15%), enrofloxacin (92.31%), Trimethoprim-sulpha (88.46%), Amoxicillin (84.62%), Tetracycline (80.72%), Tylosin (80.77%),
Lincomycin (76.92%), Ampicillin (46.15%) and Pencillin G (42.31%) effective against SCM in goats.
The feces of mice were collected in the control stage (day 0, with no treatment), modeling stage (day 5, with the inoculation of
lincomycin hydrochloride), treatment stage (day 10, with the drug treatment), and recovery stage (day 17, with no management).
Table 1 : Antibiotic disc used for AST Antibiotics Concentration/disc Ampicillin 10 [micro]g Cloxacillin 30 [micro]g Amoxicillin/ Clavulinic acid 30 [micro]g Gentamicin 30 [micro]g Chloramphenicol 30 [micro]g Enrofloxacillin 10 [micro]g Ciprofloxacillin 10 [micro]g Erythromycin 15 [micro]g Ceftriaxone 30 [micro]g Amikacin 30 [micro]g Azithromycin 30 [micro]g Polymixin-B 10 [micro]g
Lincomycin 15 [micro]g Cephalexin 30 [micro]g Table 2: Microbial prevelance in otitis Dog breeds No of Bacteria Isolated Number and samples frequency(%) Labrador 25 Staphylococci sp.
Table 1: Antibiotics used for culture sensitivity Antibiotic agent for gram-positive bacteria Disc content ([micro]g) Ampicillin + sulbactam 20 Cotrimoxazole 25 Tetracycline 30 Cefotaxime 30 Ciprofloxacin 5 Levofloxacin 5 Linezolid 30 Cloxacillin 1 Roxithromycin 15 Cephalexin 30
Lincomycin 2 Gentamicin 10 Ampicillin + sulbactam 20 Cotrimoxazole 25 Cefotaxime 30 Ciprofloxacin 5 Tetracycline 30 Gentamicin 10 Piperacillin 100 Chloramphenicol 30 Ceftizoxime 30 Ofloxacin 5 Amikacin 30 Gatifloxacin 10 Table 2: Frequency of organisms isolated by culture Organism No.
Other topical modalities introduced recently in treatment of melasma include zinc sulphate
lincomycin and linoleic acid either alone or in combination with hydroquinone and betamethasone valerate.
Photodegradation of
lincomycin and diazepam in sewage treatment plant effluent by photo-Fenton process.