As depicted in Figure 5, all the normal UDP source bytes at all instances are located within the two limits, while the attacking bytes at the aforementioned instances are beyond the
lower control limit (LC[L.sub.i]).
Since the structural damages are always reflected as stiffness reduction, only
lower control limits of identified stiffness are meaningful for damage classification.
Comparing the ISRT p-chart with several known p-charts, the minimum sample sizes required for obtaining positive
lower control limits for the ISRT p-chart are small.
One of the interesting results in this context is provided by Proposition 4 and Corollary 2 which suggest that optimal sample size and upper and
lower control limits of the [Mathematical Expression Omitted] chart are independent of M and [Lambda].
A control chart is a graph that contains a centerline, and upper and
lower control limits. The centerline represents the process average.
Variation within the upper and
lower control limits is acceptable during operation because it is due to "common causes" which are normal and random.
But as Exhibit A shows, these results are still within the upper and
lower control limits of the process control chart.
We use the same numbers for the formula for the
lower control limit, except that we subtract.
It can also be pointed out here that by using the exact probability limits, the requirement for
lower control limit to be greater than zero is
The data, together with the upper control limit (UCL = 122 degrees C) and the
lower control limit (LCL = 118 degrees C) will return a process capability (Cp) value:
To reduce the number of scrap products [s.sub.L] on the left, we are tempted to tighten the
lower control limit in order to reduce [ARL.sub.L] (i.e.