Black coats in an admixed wolf x dog pack is
melanism an indicator of hybridization in wolves?--Eur.
1945: Evolutionary studies on the distribution and dynamics of
melanism in the hamster (Cricetus cricetus L.).
--, 1955, "Selection Experiments on Industrial
Melanism in the Lepidoptera", Heredity, vol.
Melanism in the rock beauty, Holacanthus tricolor, (Pisces: Pomacanthidae) in Puerto Rico.
In following with Bell's work, we included 5 colorimetric characters in our hybrid index: back (mantle plus scapulars) and wingtip
melanism, and orbital ring, beak, and iris color (Table 1).
Melanism is an increased amount of black or nearly black pigmentation (Acevedo and Aguayo, 2008; McBride and Giordano, 2010; Marin-Vasquez et al., 2010).
Grant, "Allelic
Melanism in American and British Peppered Moths, "Journal of Heredity 95:2 (2004), 97-102.
Current zoological studies (Fertl and Rosel, 2002; Miller, 2005; Acevedo and Aguayo, 2008) have classified anomalous colouration as piebaldism, leucism (or partial albinism), albinism and
melanism. There is still some divergence between authors, mainly because some studies do not take into account the differences between piebaldism and leucism (e.g.
Altizer, "Variation in thermally induced
melanism in monarch butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from three North American populations," Journal of Thermal Biology, vol.
Kettlewell, "Selection experimants on industrial
melanism in the Lepidoptera," Heredity, vol.
One of the most studied and a polemic case of crypsis is the Industrial
Melanism described in Great Britain for moths of the genus Biston Leach, 1815.