Encyclopedia

neutrosophic set

neutrosophic set

(logic)
A generalisation of the intuitionistic set, classical set, fuzzy set, paraconsistent set, dialetheist set, paradoxist set, tautological set based on Neutrosophy. An element x(T, I, F) belongs to the set in the following way: it is t true in the set, i indeterminate in the set, and f false, where t, i, and f are real numbers taken from the sets T, I, and F with no restriction on T, I, F, nor on their sum n=t+i+f.

The neutrosophic set generalises:

- the intuitionistic set, which supports incomplete set theories (for 0<n<100 and i=0, 0<=t,i,f<=100);

- the fuzzy set (for n=100 and i=0, and 0<=t,i,f<=100);

- the classical set (for n=100 and i=0, with t,f either 0 or 100);

- the paraconsistent set (for n>100 and i=0, with both t,f<100);

- the dialetheist set, which says that the intersection of some disjoint sets is not empty (for t=f=100 and i=0; some paradoxist sets can be denoted this way).

http://gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/NeutSet.txt.

["Neutrosophy / Neutrosophic Probability, Set, and Logic", Florentin Smarandache, American Research Press, 1998].
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References in periodicals archive
The neutrosophic set is an object having the form A = {(x, [[mu].sub.i](x), [[mu].sub.2](x), [[mu].sub.3](x))|[for all]x [member of] X} where the functions can be defined by [[mu].sub.1], [[mu].sub.2], [[mu].sub.3] : X [right arrow]]0, 1[and [[mu].sub.1] is the degree of membership or truth, [[mu].sub.2] is the degree of indeterminacy and [[mu].sub.3] is the degree of non-membership or false of the element x [member of] X to the set A with the condition 0 [less than or equal to] [[mu].sub.1](x) + [[mu].sub.2](x) + [[mu].sub.3](x) [less than or equal to] 3."
The concept of neutrosophic set(NS for short) is characterized by three independent degrees namely truth-membership degree (T), indeterminacy-membership degree (I), and falsity-membership degree (F).To practice NSs in real life situations efficiently,The subclass of the neutrosophic sets called single-valued neutrosophic set (in short SVNS) was defined by Smarandache in [4].
To express indeterminate and inconsistent information which exists in real world, Smarandache [9] originally proposed the concept of the neutrosophic set from a philosophical point of view.
One first presents the evolution of sets from fuzzy set to neutrosophic set. Then one introduces the neutrosophic components T, I, F which represent the membership, indeterminacy, and non-membership values respectively, where[].sup.-]0, [1.sup.+][ is the non-standard unit interval, and thus one defines the neutrosophic set.
Neutrosophic set is a powerful general formal framework which generalizes the concept of the classic set, fuzzy set [12], Vague set [11] etc.
Emphasizing advancements and applications to neutrosophics, this text introduces the interval neutrosophic set, which is an instance of the neutrosophic set, describes the interval neutrosophic logic based on neutrosophic sets, a situation which allows for modeling of fuzzy, incomplete, and inconsistent information, and gives a neutrosophic relational data model with a relational data base, and another model in the form of a soft semantic web services agent.
A neutrosophic set S = {<r, [[mu].sub.S](r), [[sigma].sub.S](r), [[gamma].sub.S](r)> : r [member of] R} can be identified to an ordered triple <[[mu].sub.S](r), [[sigma].sub.S](r), [[gamma].sub.S](r)> in [??][0.sup.-], [1.sup.+][??] on R.
The concept of rough neutrosophic set has been introduced by Broumi et al.
As a generalization of Zadeh's fuzzy set and Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy set, Florentin Smarandache [18] introduced neutrosophic set. Neutrosophic set A consists of three independent objects called truth-membership [[mu].sub.A](x), indeterminacy-membership [[sigma].sub.A](x) and falsity-membership [[gamma].sub.A](x) whose values are real standard or non--standard subset of unit interval][.sup.-]0, [1.sup.+][.
The same authors [16, 18] introduced as well the concept of interval valued neutrosophic set (IVNS), which is more precise and flexible than the single valued neutrosophic set.
The rest of this paper is arranged as follows, section 2 discusses preliminaries where neutrosophic set, single-valued neutrosophic set and axioms of neutrosophic similarity measures are presented.
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