The total active power loss of the network transformer includes the winding resistance loss and
no-load loss of the transformer.
Harmonic Impact on Distribution Transformer
No-Load Loss. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 57(1), 193- 200, (2010).
Kladas, Harmonic Impact on Distribution Transformer
No-Load Loss,IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 57(1), 193-200, (2010).
Experiments show that the values of
no-load losses are most affected.
Its "sleep feature" smartly disconnects transformers at night, eliminating
no-load losses which can provide customers US$800,000[sup.3] of savings over the lifetime of a 100MW solar plant.
The parallel resistance is estimated via no load test with presumption that entire
no-load losses are dominantly due to the iron losses [12].
No-load losses can be approximately estimated, multiplying the total
no-load losses of transformers by average service hours.