Marine genetic swamping: hybrids replace an
obligately estuarine fish.
[43.] Sorokin DY, Teske A, Robertson LA, Kuenen JG (1999) Anaerobic oxidation of thiosulfate to tetrathionate by
obligately heterotrophic bacteria, belonging to the Pseudomonas stutzeri group.
The taxonomy and natural history of ants of the genus Crematogaster Lund, 1831 (Crematogaster borneensis-group of the former subgenus Decacrema)
obligately associated with myrmecophytic host-plants of the euphorb genus Macaranga are reviewed.
Bacteroides, which is a genus of gram-negative and an
obligately anaerobic bacteria, possesses an effective barrier to hydrophobic molecules and therefore can metabolize hydrophobic amino acids including tyrosine and tryptophan as well as aromatic amino acids into phenols, indoles and their precursors (Smith and Macfarlane, 1998; Van der Meulen et al., 2008).
(55,56) These compounds are diagenetic derivatives of photosynthetic pigments, isorenieratene and bacteriochlorophylls e, respectively, from
obligately anaerobic green sulfur bacteria.
Ephedra species are not
obligately insect-pollinated, as wind pollination may also occur at the same time (Karl Niklas, this volume).
Brevibacteria are nonmotile, nonfastidous, chemoorganothrophic,
obligately aerobic, rod-shaped, halotolerant (> 6.5% NaCl), and catalase positive.
GS-15 (an
obligately anaerobic, gram-negative rod) oxidized simple organic compounds such as acetate, butyrate, and ethanol to carbon dioxide with Fe (III) or Mn (IV) as the sole electron acceptor [53, 95].
nov., an
obligately chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing gammaproteobacterium isolated from the hydrothermal field on Suiyo Seamount, and proposal of Thioalkalispiraceae fam.
This arises from the fact that AM fungi are
obligately aerobic, while many wetlands and aquatic habitats are frequently anoxic [3].