Brain areas with differences in grey matter volumes between patients with first-episode schizophrenia and controls MINI coordinates Brain areas Voxel size X y Brain areas where grey matter volumes increase Left superior frontal gyrus -18 70 Brain areas where grey matter volumes decrease Left lingual gyrus
Occipital gyrus of left occipital lobe 43 -18 -92 Upper part of left cerebellar 4 -10 -80 MINI coordinates Brain areas z t Brain areas where grey matter volumes increase Left superior frontal gyrus 4.41 Brain areas where grey matter volumes decrease Left lingual gyrus -15 -4.55
Occipital gyrus of left occipital lobe -9 -4.27 Upper part of left cerebellar -154.41 -3.54 Note: p=0.001; with Alphasim correction.
The ReHo value of the depression group was higher in the right superior
occipital gyrus and right middle
occipital gyrus and lower in the left lingual gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, and paracingulate gyri.
A voxel-wise ANCOVA revealed that the intergroup differences in ReHo were mainly located in the bilateral postcentral gyrus and thalamus, the left precuneus and putamen, and the right caudate, inferior temporal gyrus and inferior
occipital gyrus (FDR corrected, P < 0.05) [Figure 1].
In contrast, the inverse contrast, evaluating brain regions that discriminate between physically trained and untrained sequences better in older adults compared to young adults, yielded the right angular gyrus and left middle
occipital gyrus (Figure 6(b) and Table 4(b)).
A paired t -test showed that when compared with the baseline, the patients with PD who were analyzed during the 2 years follow-up presented with increased fALFF values in the right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and right middle
occipital gyrus (MOG) and with decreased fALFF values in the right cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL), right thalamus, left superior parietal lobule, left IPL, left precentral gyrus, and left postcentral gyrus ( P < 0.01, after correction with AlphaSim) [Table 4], [Figure 3] and [Figure 4].
Moreover, in the right hemisphere, the nodes disconnected were anterior cingulate cortex, inferior temporal gyrus, superior
occipital gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, putamen, amygdala, inferior frontal triangular gyrus, and fusiform gyrus.
Compared to the controls, the dancers showed significantly higher ALFF in the left middle temporal gyrus, bilateral precentral gyrus, bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus, right middle
occipital gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus, and less ALFF in left lingual gyrus (Table 2, Figure 1).
[46] Using the facial recognition task, which evaluates social cognitive function, individuals with schizophrenia exhibited deactivation of the bilateral fusiform gyrus,
occipital gyrus, cingulate gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and cerebellum, left superior frontal gyrus, superior parietal lobe and the thalamus, and the right inferior parietal lobe.
In another study, CT was investigated in adolescents with prelingual deafness and significant CT differences were found in the right middle
occipital gyrus, right precuneus, left gyrus rectus, and left posterior cingulate gyrus [43, 44].