Hbaieb, "Molecularly imprinted polymer for extraction of
patulin in apple juice samples," Food Control, vol.
[18.] Fuchs S, Sontag G, Stidl R, Ehrlich V, Kundi M and S Knasmuller Detoxification of
Patulin and Ochratoxin A, Two Abundant Mycotoxins, by Lactic Acid Bacteria.
To minimise this risk, South African legislation set maximum levels for aflatoxin and
patulin. The regulation of deoxynivalenol (DON), ochratoxin A and fumonisins levels in food and feed are also currently under discussion.
Improper storage of WBG results in a large loss of DM and nutrients, characterized by an unpleasant odor, and even stimulates mold to produce mycotoxins such as aflatoxins (Asurmendi et al., 2013), ochratoxin A (Amezqueta et al., 2009), zearalenone (Zinedine et al., 2007),
patulin (Atanda et al., 2012), and gliotoxin (Keller et al., 2012).
Clavatol and
patulin formation as the antagonistic principle of Aspergillus clavatonanicus, an endophytic fungus of Taxus mairei.
These precultures were tested for production of mycotoxins (ochratoxin A and
patulin citrinin); no production of such compounds is found (unpublished data).
However, some species of fruit spoilage molds are also known to produce potentially harmful metabolites such as
patulin, byssotoxin A, and related natural toxins (Beuchat and Pitt 2001), again underlying the importance of proper refrigeration conditions to both food spoilage and safety.