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Hyperparathyroidism

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hyperparathyroidism

[‚hī·pər‚par·ə′thī‚rȯid‚iz·əm]
(medicine)
Condition caused by increased functioning of the parathyroid glands.
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E, Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Hyperparathyroidism

 

a disease caused by excessive production of the hormone of the parathyroid glands, usually occurring as the result of adenoma of those glands.

An excess of parathyroid hormone mobilizes the calcium in the bones, raises its level in the blood and lowers the level of phosphorus, and raises the quantity of calcium and phosphorus in the urine (which is then discharged). Softening and deformation of the bones is the result of this process, making possible spontaneous fracture or fracture caused by minimal injury. Visceropathic forms of hyperparathyroidism are characterized by calcium deposits in the internal organs. The most widespread is the renal form (formation of calculi in the kidneys and urinary tracts). The cause of formation of adenomas in the parathyroid glands is not known. Hyperparathyroidism is more commonly found in women. Treatment involves removal of the tumor; orthopedic treatment is necessary when the disease affects the bones, and removal of the calculi is necessary in nephrolithiasis.

L. M. GOL’BER

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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References in periodicals archive
Spontaneous resolution of primary hyperparathyroidism in parathyroid adenoma.
Primary hyperparathyroidism, as a common, frequently occurring disease in clinical practice, mainly endangers young females.
Proye, "Pancreatitis and primary hyperparathyroidism: forty cases," Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, vol.
Hungry bone syndrome is a severe complication of neglected primary hyperparathyroidism, which associated with iron-deficiency, megaloblastic anemia and bone fibrosis, besides the renal failure, suggests that the severity was determined by the term of hyperparathyroidism and the increased number of complications.
Relationship between sestamibi uptake, parathyroid hormone assay, and nuclear morphology in primary hyperparathyroidism. J Am Coll Surg 2004099(2)229-233.
Nilsson, "Mild primary hyperparathyroidism: vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular risk markers," Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol.
Research shows that diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is often delayed in young people but we suspect that it may even be more delayed in those with a pre-existing psychiatric disorder as the symptoms may be more likely to be attributable to the psychiatric condition.
Neurological and psychiatric disorders in primary hyperparathyroidism: The role of parathyroidectomy.
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) affects around one in 800 people during their lifetime and is most common in post-menopausal women.
Replenishment requires extra care in primary hyperparathyroidism (which can coexist with vitamin D deficiency) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (to ensure absence of primary hyperparathyroidism).
Rheumatologists should also be aware that primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and primary hyperparathyroidism can also cause leg complaints.
Calciphylaxis is an uncommon disorder of vascular calcification and thrombosis resulting in skin necrosis) It most commonly occurs in people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis, but in nonuremic patients the most frequent cause is primary hyperparathyroidism. (2,3) Similar vascular calcifications may be observed in milk alkali syndrome, rickets, collagen diseases, and hypervitaminosis D.
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