Besides, some molecular and genetic alteration may contribute to malignant transformation, including aberrant somatic hypermutations of
proto-oncogenes, DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes, gains and losses of genetic material, as well as activation of the NF-?B and JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
* The report provides a snapshot of the global therapeutic landscape for Myc
Proto-Oncogene Protein (
Proto-Oncogene c-Myc or Class E Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein 39)
Germline mutations of the RET
proto-oncogene are found in 98% of MEN2A, 95% of MEN2B, and in 88% of FMTC patients (13).
* Qualitative: Conversion from
proto-oncogene to transforming gene includes changes in the nucleotide sequence and acquisition of the new properties.
Imatinib binds preferentially to ATP binding sites of c-KIT
proto-oncogene product, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), and Abelson Kinase (c-ABL), impeding the ensuing signal transduction.
In terms of physical interactions, TP53 seemed to be a hub of interactions as it linked itself to the SMAD genes (SMAD2/3/4) and TGFBR1 on one hand and also showed the relation to the MET
proto-oncogene and BCL2 tumor promoter.
Germline mutations in the RET
proto-oncogene cause hereditary MTC [20-22], and approximately 50% of patients with sporadic MTC have somatic RET mutations [23, 24].
Modulation of c-MET
proto-oncogene (HGF receptor) mRNA abundance by cytokines and hormones: Evidence for rapid decay of the 8 kb c-MET transcript.
Genetic evaluation was negative for the RET
proto-oncogene and for mutations in the NF1 gene.