See also: Stonea schistous, sedimentary rock used for roofing. It consists of argillaceous minerals (for the most part, various hydromicas and chlorite) whose particles are usually arranged in strictly parallel lines. This structure gives slate a sharply defined schistosity, that is, the capacity for cleavage into thin lamina. Slate does not fall apart in water and has the characteristics of geosynclinal sediments. It is formed by the compaction of clays and their partial recrystallization under pressure at considerable depths as well as by the effect of dynamic metamorphism. When it undergoes further change, it becomes a phyllte or a chlorite slate.
The largest known deposits of slate in the USSR are located in the Caucasus and the Urals. Slate is used as roofing material; in the production of low-voltage switchboards, knife switches, and other apparatus in the electrical industry; and in the production of certain structural components (panels for the interior facing of rooms). Slate is also used in a crushed, roasted, and aerated form as filler for certain types of concrete, large wall blocks, and for cladding ruberoid(roof-sheeting material).
V. P. PETROV