Models predicting knot diameter and
sound knot length were developed.
The classifier is employed for classifying seven different types of knots, including leaf knot, encased knot, dry knot, edge knot, horn knot,
sound knot and decayed knot.
Sound Knot. A knot, which is solid across its face, as hard as the surrounding wood, and shows no indication of decay.
Grading.--For all simulations, the original quality definition implemented in Saw2003 was used, and thus grading was performed according to the specifications of "Nordic Timber," restricted to the grade limits for dead and
sound knot size and frequency as well as wane depth, width, and length, which are specified in Table 3.
Sound Knot - A knot which is solid across its face, as hard as the surrounding wood, and shows no indication of decay.
Based on previous research, a model of the risk of chipping relative to
sound knot size and distance to a finger joint is a hypothetically beneficial approach.
This grade will permit small
sound knot specks, small dark mineral streaks or pitch pockets up to 1/16 in.
In addition, a
sound knot grouping was created for the overgrown knot (OK) and sawn knot (SK) defect samples because of the relatively low sample size of SK defects.
Frogner (1997) showed that this resulted in low fertility sites producing very little
sound knot lumber.
Sound knot -- A knot which is solid across is face, as hard as the surrounding woods, and shows no indication of decay.
Sound knot -- A knot which is solid across its face, as hard as the surrounding woods, and shows no indication of decay.
Defect/Board # 1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 Mineral streak x Fleck x Coloration x x x
Sound knot Pin knot x Black knot Bark pocket Curl White speck x Decay Blue stain x Worm hole x x Cluster of worm holes x Wane x x Split x Shake Through shake x Hit and miss x Mechanical burn x Defect/Board #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 Mineral streak x Fleck x x x x Coloration
Sound knot x Pin knot Black knot x Bark pocket x x Curl x x White speck Decay x Blue stain Worm hole x Cluster of worm holes Wane x Split x x Shake x Through shake Hit and miss Mechanical burn Table 3.--Comparison of system characteristics.