The calculated reduction would be at a ratio of 100:1, in other words, for every 100 revolutions of the propeller at the input of the gear, its output would be only one revolution, traveling only one cog on the final gear of the
undulator (Fig.
transverse size of the electron bunch, and the coupling factor is [A.sub.u] = 1 for a helical
undulator and [A.sub.u] = [J.sub.0([XI]-[j.sub.1])[XI]) for a planar
undulator, where [XI] = [K.sup.2.sub.u]/[4(1 + [K.sup.2.sub.u]/2)] and [J.sub.0] and [J.sub.1] are the Bessel functions of the first kind.
The new beam line will have three
undulators with a minimum gap of 11 mm, allowing the energy range from 5 keV to 60 keV (0.21 [Angstrom]) to be covered without interruption.
The measurements were made at
undulator beamline 2-ID-B of the Advanced Photon Source (APS).
The device that made all this possible, the
undulator, was developed by scientists at Cornell and the Argonne (Ill.) National Laboratory.
The photon energy of 585 eV was chosen for maximum contrast between the Ge and surrounding silicon nitride window, and to match the peak of the
undulator second harmonic to yield a high photon flux.