Urobilinogen. Urobilinuria was identified in 184 (30.6%) of 602 patients; it was associated with higher bilirubin in urine and proteinuria (P < 0.05).
Neonates have a largely sterile gut, so the conversion to
urobilinogen is poor, and there is increased reabsorption of bilirubin.
falciparum infection urinary bilirubin and
urobilinogen were significantly higher at higher malaria parasitaemia.
Table-1 Parameters evaluated Results Ketone bodies, nitrite, glucose,
urobilinogen and bilirubin NIL pH 8 (high) Specific gravity 1.005 (low) Leukocyte +++ Microscopic examination Pus cells: numerous/HPF RBC Many/HPF Casts : Granular, pus and 5-6/HPF epithelial casts present Crystals : Absent Epithelial cells
A urine test showed 2+ urobilirubin and negative
urobilinogen. The feces had a normal appearance with negative occult blood.
The most common tests include bilirubin,
urobilinogen, glucose, ketones, protein, blood, nitrite, leukocyte esterase, and pH.
Urinalysis may reveal hemoglobinuria and
urobilinogen. Both clinicians and pathologists should understand that cold autoantibodies have the ability to interfere with hematology-based testing, rendering the only reliable component in a complete blood cell count to be the hemoglobin.
Urine results in Table 2 demonstrate elevated levels of
urobilinogen, the abnormal presence of ketones, microalbumin and proteins, and an increased specific gravity.
Lack of interference by medications and
urobilinogen with ion exchange methods has been demonstrated previously (5-7).
Qualitative (protein, sugar,
urobilinogen, epithelial cells, pus cells, RBCs, hemoglobin) and quantitative (volume, pH and specific gravity) evaluations were conducted on urine samples.