A previous genomic study on a limited taxon sampling indicated that isoforms of the gene, GTP cyclohyrdolase (GCH), might be involved in
xanthophore loss in mammals and birds.
Transformation of amphibian
xanthophores into melanophores in clonal culture.J.
Yellow pigment cells called
xanthophores reach out toward black pigment cells called melanophores.
Complete albinism is expressed as a lack of integumentary and retinal melanin, however, true albinos can exhibit integumentary coloration due to the other types of chromatophores:
xanthophores and iridophores (CLARK, 2002).
In terms of diagnostic color patterns, they have
xanthophores associated with the trunk melanophores and a single erythrophore at the base of the caudal fin (Fig.