amino acid (əmē`nō), any one of a class of simple organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and in certain cases sulfur. These compounds are the building blocks of proteins. They are characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amino group (NH₂) attached to the same carbon at the end of the compound. The 20 amino acids commonly found in animals are alanine alanine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer participates in the biosynthesis of proteins (see stereochemistry).
..... Click the link for more information. , arginine arginine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer participates in the biosynthesis of proteins.
..... Click the link for more information. , asparagine asparagine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer participates in the biosynthesis of mammalian proteins.
..... Click the link for more information. , aspartic acid aspartic acid , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer participates in the biosynthesis of proteins.
..... Click the link for more information. , cysteine cysteine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer participates in the biosynthesis of mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , glutamic acid glutamic acid , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer occurs in mammalian proteins.
..... Click the link for more information. , glutamine glutamine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer occurs in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , glycine glycine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Glycine is the only one of these amino acids that is not optically active, i.e.
..... Click the link for more information. , histidine histidine , organic compound, one of the 22 α-amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , isoleucine isoleucine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , leucine leucine , organic compund, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereooisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , lysine lysine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , methionine methionine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the L-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein. It is one of the several essential amino acids needed in the diet; the human body cannot synthesize it from simpler
..... Click the link for more information. , phenylalanine phenylalanine , organic compound, one of the 22 α-amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , proline proline , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , serine serine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , threonine threonine , organic compound, one of the 22 α-amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , tryptophan tryptophan , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , tyrosine tyrosine , organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. , and valine valine , organic compound, one of the 22 α-amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein.
..... Click the link for more information. . More than 100 less common amino acids also occur in biological systems, particularly in plants. Every amino acid except glycine can occur as either of two optically active stereoisomers, d or l; the more common isomer isomer , in chemistry, one of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different structures (arrangements of atoms in the molecule). Isomerism is the occurrence of such compounds. Isomerism was first recognized by J. J. Berzelius in 1827.
..... Click the link for more information. in nature is the l-form. When the carboxyl carbon atom of one amino acid covalently binds to the amino nitrogen atom of another amino acid with the release of a water molecule, a peptide peptide, organic compound composed of amino acids linked together chemically by peptide bonds. The peptide bond always involves a single covalent link between the α-carboxyl (oxygen-bearing carbon) of one amino acid and the amino nitrogen of a second amino acid.
..... Click the link for more information. bond is formed. Amino acids are released in the intestinal tract by the digestion of food proteins and are then carried in the bloodstream to the body cells, where they are used for growth, maintenance, and repair. Cellular catabolism breaks amino acids down into smaller fragments. Many of the amino acids necessary in metabolism can be synthesized in the human or animal body when needed; these are called nonessential. Others cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities; these are termed essential and must be provided in the diet.

amino acid

Any of a class of organic compounds in which a carbon atom has bonds to an amino group (−NH₂), a carboxyl group (−COOH), a hydrogen atom (−H), and an organic side group (called −R). They are therefore both carboxylic acids and amines. The physical and chemical properties unique to each result from the properties of the R group, particularly its tendency to interact with water and its charge (if any). Amino acids joined linearly by peptide bonds (see covalent bond) in a particular order make up peptides and proteins. Of over 100 natural amino acids, each with a different R group, only 20 make up the proteins of all living organisms. Humans can synthesize 10 of them (by interconversions) from each other or from other molecules of intermediary metabolism, but the other 10 (essential amino acids: arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine) must be consumed in the diet.

amino acid

any of a group of organic compounds containing one or more amino groups, -NH₂, and one or more carboxyl groups, -COOH. The alpha-amino acids RCH(NH₂)COOH (where R is either hydrogen or an organic group) are the component molecules of proteins; some can be synthesized in the body (nonessential amino acids) and others cannot and are thus essential components of the diet (essential amino acids)

amino acid [ə′mē‚nō ′as·əd]

(biochemistry)

Any of the organic compounds that contain one or more basic amino groups and one or more acidic carboxyl groups and that are polymerized to form peptides and proteins; only 20 of the more than 80 amino acids found in nature serve as building blocks for proteins; examples are tyrosine and lysine.

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No references found			Amiiformes Amilcar Cabral Amilcar Gomez Alencastre Amilcare Cipriani Amilcare Ponchielli amimia Amin Amin Al- Rihani Amin Said Amin, Ahmad Amin, Idi Amin, Kasim Amina Aminadab Aminadav Kanevskii Aminadav Moiseevich Kanevskii Amination Aminazinum amine Amine Avdal amine oxidase Amines Aminet amino acid amino acid dating amino acid dehydratase Amino Acids amino alcohol amino diabetes amino group amino nitrogen amino plastic Amino Plastics amino resin amino sugar amino terminal amino-, amin- aminoacetic acid aminoaciduria aminoacyl tRNA aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase Aminobutyric Acid aminocarb aminocide aminodiborane aminoethane aminopeptidase aminophenol aminophylline aminopolypeptidase aminoprotease			Amines Aminet Amineurin aminic Aminic acid Aminic acid Aminic acid Aminism Aminism Aminium Aminium Aminium amino amino amino amino acid amino acid amino acid amino acid amino acid amino acid Amino Acid Analysis Amino Acid and Metabolizable Protein System Amino acid catabolism Amino acid catabolism amino acid conjugation Amino acid dating Amino acid decarboxylase Amino acid decarboxylase Amino acid decarboxylase amino acid dehydratase amino acid dehydrogenase Amino Acid Disorders Screening amino acid drink Amino Acid Geochronology Laboratory amino acid group Amino Acid Homology Per Residue Amino acid K Amino acid K Amino acid K Amino Acid Kinase Amino acid metabolism Amino acid metabolism Amino Acid Mixture amino acid neurotransmitters amino acid nutritional deficiency amino acid nutritional deficiency amino acid nutritional deficiency amino acid oxidase amino acid oxidase Amino Acid Permease cDNA amino acid poisoning amino acid poisoning amino acid poisoning amino acid pool amino acid pool amino acid pool Amino acid profile Amino acid profile Amino acid profile amino acid profiles

amino acid (redirected from amino acid dehydratase)

amino acid

amino acid
(redirected from amino acid dehydratase)